2014年、2015年和2016年从大气中降落在楚格峰上的降雪里清除钚、钚和镅。
Scavenged Pu, Pu, and Am from snowfalls in the atmosphere settling on Mt. Zugspitze in 2014, 2015 and 2016.
作者信息
Gückel Katharina, Shinonaga Taeko, Christl Marcus, Tschiersch Jochen
机构信息
Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
Department of Radiation Chemistry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori, 036-8564, Japan.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2017 Sep 19;7(1):11848. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12079-y.
Concentrations of Pu, Pu, and Am, and atomic ratio of Pu/Pu in freshly fallen snow on Mt. Zugspitze collected in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were determined by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). For the sub-femtogram (10 g) - level of Pu and Am analysis, a chemical separation procedure combined with AMS was improved and an excellent overall efficiency of about 10 was achieved. The concentration of Pu ranges from 75 ± 13 ag/kg to 2823 ± 84 ag/kg, of Pu from 20.6 ± 5.2 to 601 ± 21 ag/kg, and of Am was found in the range of 16.7 ± 5.0-218.8 ± 8.9 ag/kg. Atomic ratios of Pu/Pu for most samples are comparable to the fallout in middle Europe. One exceptional sample shows a higher Pu concentration. High airborne dust concentration, wind directions, high Cs concentrations and the activity ratio of Pu/Cs lead to the conclusion that the sample was influenced by Pu in Saharan dust transported to Mt. Zugspitze.
采用加速器质谱法（AMS）测定了2014年、2015年和2016年采自楚格峰的新降雪 中钚-239（²³⁹Pu）、钚-240（²⁴⁰Pu）和镅-241（²⁴¹Am）的浓度以及钚-239/钚-240的原子比。对于亚飞克（10⁻¹⁸g）级别的钚和镅分析，改进了一种与加速器质谱法相结合的化学分离程序，实现了约10%的优异总效率。²³⁹Pu的浓度范围为75±13 阿居里/千克至2823±84 阿居里/千克，²⁴⁰Pu的浓度范围为20.6±5.2至601±21 阿居里/千克，²⁴¹Am的浓度范围为16.7±5.0至218.8±8.9 阿居里/千克。大多数样品的²³⁹Pu/²⁴⁰Pu原子比与中欧的沉降物相当。一个异常样品显示出较高的²³⁹Pu浓度。高空气尘埃浓度、风向、高铯浓度以及²³⁹Pu/铯的活度比得出结论，该样品受到输送到楚格峰的撒哈拉尘埃中钚的影响。
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