Manouze Houria, Bouchatta Otmane, Gadhi A Chemseddoha, Bennis Mohammed, Sokar Zahra, Ba-M'hamed Saadia
Laboratory of Pharmacology, Neurobiology and Behavior (URAC-37), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityMarrakech, Morocco.
Unit of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources (URAC35), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad UniversityMarrakech, Morocco.
Front Pharmacol. 2017 Sep 5;8:598. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00598. eCollection 2017.
(L.) is a plant widely used in Moroccan traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and painful diseases. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of roots (AEAPR and MEAPR). The anti-inflammatory effect of AEAPR and MEAPR was determined in xylene-induced ear edema and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced paw edema. The antinociceptive activity of AEAPR and MEAPR (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) administered by gavage was examined in mice by using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and formalin tests, and the mechanical allodynia were assessed in CFA-induced paw edema. In addition, the antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, ferric reducing power and β-carotene-linoleic acid assay systems. AEAPR and MEAPR produced significant reductions in CFA-induced paw edema and xylene-induced ear edema. A single oral administration of these extracts at 250 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity induced by CFA, which had begun 1 h 30 after the treatment, and was maintained till 7 h. Chronic treatment with both extracts significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity in persistent pain conditions induced by CFA. Acute pretreatment with AEAPR or MEAPR at high dose caused a significant decrease in the number of abdominal writhes induced by acetic acid injection (52.2 and 56.7%, respectively), a marked increase of the paw withdrawal latency in the hot plate test, and also a significant inhibition of both phases of the formalin test. This antinociceptive effect was partially reversed by naloxone pretreatment in the hot plate and formalin tests. Additionally, a significant scavenging activity in DPPH, reducing power and protection capacity of β-carotene was observed in testing antioxidant assays. The present study suggests that AEAPR and MEAPR possess potent anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant effects which could be related to the presence of alkaloids and phenols in the plant. In addition, the antinociceptive effect of APR extracts seems to partly involve the opioid system. Taken together, these results suggest that may indeed be useful in the treatment of pain and inflammatory disorders in humans.
（L.）是一种在摩洛哥传统医学中广泛用于治疗炎症和疼痛性疾病的植物。本研究的目的是评估根的水提取物和甲醇提取物（AEAPR和MEAPR）的抗伤害感受、抗炎和抗氧化活性。通过二甲苯诱导的耳水肿和完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）诱导的爪水肿来测定AEAPR和MEAPR的抗炎作用。通过灌胃给予AEAPR和MEAPR（125、250和500mg/kg），利用醋酸诱导的扭体、热板和福尔马林试验检测其对小鼠的抗伤害感受活性，并在CFA诱导的爪水肿中评估机械性异常性疼痛。此外，通过2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除法、铁还原能力和β-胡萝卜素-亚油酸测定系统来测定提取物的抗氧化活性。AEAPR和MEAPR显著减轻了CFA诱导的爪水肿和二甲苯诱导的耳水肿。以250和500mg/kg单次口服给予这些提取物可显著降低CFA诱导的机械性超敏反应，该反应在治疗后1小时30分开始，并持续至7小时。两种提取物的慢性治疗显著降低了CFA诱导的持续性疼痛状态下的机械性超敏反应。高剂量的AEAPR或MEAPR急性预处理可显著减少醋酸注射诱导的腹部扭体次数（分别为52.2%和56.7%），显著增加热板试验中的爪退缩潜伏期，并显著抑制福尔马林试验的两个阶段。在热板和福尔马林试验中，纳洛酮预处理可部分逆转这种抗伤害感受作用。此外，在抗氧化试验中观察到提取物在DPPH清除、铁还原能力和β-胡萝卜素保护能力方面具有显著活性。本研究表明，AEAPR和MEAPR具有强大的抗炎、抗伤害感受和抗氧化作用，这可能与植物中生物碱和酚类的存在有关。此外，APR提取物的抗伤害感受作用似乎部分涉及阿片样物质系统。综上所述，这些结果表明（该植物）确实可能对治疗人类的疼痛和炎症性疾病有用。
