Thierry Florence, Longo Maurizio, Pecceu Evi, Zani Davide D, Schwarz Tobias
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, EH25 9RG, UK.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via dell'Università, Lodi, 26900, Italy.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2018 Jan;59(1):54-63. doi: 10.1111/vru.12561. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
The palatine tonsil is an uncommon site of oral canine neoplasia. For affected tonsils, squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent type of neoplasia, followed by melanoma and lymphoma. Computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for investigation of canine oropharyngeal pathology; however, limited information is available on the CT appearance of tonsillar neoplasms. Objectives of this retrospective descriptive case series were to characterize the CT features of canine tonsillar neoplasia and determine whether specific CT features differentiate nonneoplastic from neoplastic tonsils. Computed tomographic studies of 14 dogs diagnosed with tonsillar neoplasia were retrieved from two referral hospitals and reviewed by two observers. Diagnosis was based on histology or cytology. Carcinoma was diagnosed in 11 dogs, melanoma in two and lymphoma in one dog. Specific CT features of the tonsil and regional lymph nodes did not differentiate neoplastic from nonneoplastic tonsillar diseases, but regional lymph node CT features were useful for diagnosis in some cases. Marked enlargement (width ≥ 18 mm, 12/18), heterogeneity (16/18), and loss of the hypoattenuating hilus (18/18) of the medial retropharyngeal lymph node were common concomitant features of tonsillar neoplasia. The medial retropharyngeal and mandibular lymphadenomegaly was ipsilateral to the neoplastic tonsil in 8/12 and 6/9 dogs, respectively. Five dogs demonstrated little or no enlargement of the tonsil despite the associated metastatic lymphadenomegaly. Tonsillar neoplasia should therefore be considered as a differential diagnosis for dogs with CT evidence of isolated medial retropharyngeal lymphadenomegaly (regardless of normally sized tonsils), or of any enlarged tonsil with no associated lymphadenomegaly.
腭扁桃体是口腔犬肿瘤罕见的发病部位。对于受影响的扁桃体，鳞状细胞癌是最常见的肿瘤类型，其次是黑色素瘤和淋巴瘤。计算机断层扫描（CT）越来越多地用于犬口咽病理学的研究；然而，关于扁桃体肿瘤的CT表现的信息有限。本回顾性描述性病例系列的目的是描述犬扁桃体肿瘤的CT特征，并确定特定的CT特征是否能区分非肿瘤性扁桃体和肿瘤性扁桃体。从两家转诊医院检索了14只被诊断为扁桃体肿瘤的犬的计算机断层扫描研究，并由两名观察者进行回顾。诊断基于组织学或细胞学。11只犬被诊断为癌，2只犬被诊断为黑色素瘤，1只犬被诊断为淋巴瘤。扁桃体和区域淋巴结的特定CT特征不能区分肿瘤性和非肿瘤性扁桃体疾病，但区域淋巴结CT特征在某些情况下有助于诊断。咽后内侧淋巴结明显肿大（宽度≥18mm，12/18）、不均匀性（16/18）和低衰减门消失（18/18）是扁桃体肿瘤常见的伴随特征。咽后内侧和下颌淋巴结肿大分别在8/12和6/9只犬中与肿瘤性扁桃体同侧。5只犬尽管伴有转移性淋巴结肿大，但扁桃体几乎没有或没有肿大。因此，对于CT显示孤立性咽后内侧淋巴结肿大（无论扁桃体大小正常）或任何无相关淋巴结肿大的肿大扁桃体的犬，应将扁桃体肿瘤视为鉴别诊断。
