Kuang Xue-Jun, Wang Cai-Xia, Zou Li-Qiu, Li Ying, Sun Chao
Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, China Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016 Nov;41(22):4144-4149. doi: 10.4268/cjcmm20162210.
Taxol, a kind of terpenoid secondary metabolite produced by Taxus brevifolia, is an effective anticancer drug that manufacture relies mainly on the extraction form plants. In order to solve the resource shortage, a lot of work has been done to develop the alternative method. Recently, using synthetic biology to realize heterologous biosynthesis of the precursors of taxol has become a hotspot. Now, the basic framework of taxol biosynthetic pathways has been confirmed, and most enzyme genes involved in taxol biosynthesis have been cloned and identified. The two taxol precursors, taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene and taxa-4(20),11(12)-dien-5α-ol, have been synthesized in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here this paper reviewed the recent advances in the biosynthetic pathway of taxol and the latest developments of synthetic biology, which aims to provide a guidance for the heterologous biosynthesis of taxol.
紫杉醇是短叶红豆杉产生的一种萜类次生代谢产物，是一种有效的抗癌药物，其生产主要依赖于从植物中提取。为了解决资源短缺问题，人们做了大量工作来开发替代方法。近年来，利用合成生物学实现紫杉醇前体的异源生物合成已成为研究热点。目前，紫杉醇生物合成途径的基本框架已得到确认，参与紫杉醇生物合成的大多数酶基因已被克隆和鉴定。两种紫杉醇前体，紫杉-4(5),11(12)-二烯和紫杉-4(20),11(12)-二烯-5α-醇，已在大肠杆菌和酿酒酵母中合成。本文综述了紫杉醇生物合成途径的最新进展以及合成生物学的最新发展，旨在为紫杉醇的异源生物合成提供指导。
