Kong Jian-qiang, Wang Wei, Zhu Ping, Cheng Ke-di
Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2007 Apr;42(4):358-65.
Taxol is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic agents known, showing excellent activity against a range of cancers. In addition to anticancer, taxol has the effect of preventing graft arteriosclerosis, antiscaring formation and inhibiting angiogenesis. There are five possible routes to industrialize taxol production: isolation from the bark of the yew species, total synthesis, semisynthesis, tissue or cell culture, endophytic fungal fermentation and metabolism engineering. There are at least 14 genes related to the taxol biosynthesis had been cloned from yews and functionally expressed in different hosts. The combinational expression system of taxol makes progress as the clarification of biosynthetic pathway of taxol.
紫杉醇是已知最有效的化疗药物之一，对多种癌症显示出优异的活性。除了抗癌作用外，紫杉醇还具有预防移植动脉硬化、防止疤痕形成和抑制血管生成的作用。紫杉醇生产工业化有五种可能的途径：从紫杉树皮中分离、全合成、半合成、组织或细胞培养、内生真菌发酵和代谢工程。从紫杉中已克隆出至少14个与紫杉醇生物合成相关的基因，并在不同宿主中进行了功能表达。随着紫杉醇生物合成途径的阐明，紫杉醇的组合表达系统取得了进展。
