Emmanuel S Aalfin, Yoo Jangyeon, Kim Eok-Jo, Chang Jae-Soo, Park Young-In, Koh Sung-Cheol
a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Graduate School of Korea Maritime and Ocean University , Yeongdogu , Busan , South Korea.
b Department of Convergence Study on Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology , Yeongdogu , Busan , South Korea.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Nov 2;52(11):802-811. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1356165. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
Spent coffee grounds (SCG), poultry manure, and agricultural waste-derived biochar were used to manufacture functional composts through microbial bioaugmentation. The highest yield of tomato stalk-based biochar (40.7%) was obtained at 450°C with a surface area of 2.35 m g. Four pilot-scale composting reactors were established to perform composting for 45 days. The ratios of NH-N/NO-N, which served as an indicator of compost maturity, indicate rapid, and successful composting via microbial bioaugmentation and biochar amendment. Moreover, germination indices for radish also increased by 14-34% through augmentation and biochar amendment. Microbial diversity was also enhanced in the augmented and biochar-amended composts by 7.1-8.9%, where two species of Sphingobacteriaceae were dominant (29-43%). The scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were enhanced by 14.1% and 8.6% in the fruits of pepper plants grown in the presence of the TR-2 (augmentation applied only) and TR-3 (both augmentation and biochar amendment applied) composts, respectively. Total phenolic content was also enhanced by 68% in the fruits of the crops grown in TR-3. Moreover, the other compost, TR-L (augmentation applied only), boosted DPPH scavenging activity by 111% in leeks compared with commercial organic fertilizer, while TR-3 increased the phenolic content by 44.8%. Composting facilitated by microbial augmentation and biochar amendment shortened the composting time and enhanced the quality of the functional compost. These results indicate that functional compost has great potential to compete with commercially available organic fertilizers and that the novel composting technology could significantly contribute to the eco-friendly recycling of organic wastes such as spent coffee grounds, poultry manure, and agricultural wastes.
用过的咖啡渣（SCG）、家禽粪便和农业废弃物衍生的生物炭通过微生物强化接种用于制造功能性堆肥。在450℃下获得了最高产量的番茄秸秆基生物炭（40.7%），其表面积为2.35 m²/g。建立了四个中试规模的堆肥反应器进行45天的堆肥。作为堆肥成熟度指标的NH₄⁺-N/NO₃⁻-N比值表明，通过微生物强化接种和生物炭改良实现了快速且成功的堆肥。此外，通过强化接种和生物炭改良，萝卜的发芽指数也提高了14% - 34%。在强化接种和生物炭改良的堆肥中，微生物多样性也提高了7.1% - 8.9%，其中鞘脂杆菌科的两个物种占主导（29% - 43%）。在分别添加TR - 2（仅进行强化接种）和TR - 3（同时进行强化接种和生物炭改良）堆肥的条件下生长的辣椒植株果实中，2,2 - 二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼（DPPH）的清除活性分别提高了14.1%和8.6%。在TR - 3条件下生长的作物果实中，总酚含量也提高了68%。此外，另一种堆肥TR - L（仅进行强化接种）与商业有机肥料相比，使韭菜中的DPPH清除活性提高了111%，而TR - 3使酚含量提高了44.8%。微生物强化接种和生物炭改良促进的堆肥缩短了堆肥时间，提高了功能性堆肥的质量。这些结果表明，功能性堆肥具有与市售有机肥料竞争的巨大潜力，并且这种新型堆肥技术可以显著促进用过的咖啡渣、家禽粪便和农业废弃物等有机废物的生态友好型循环利用。
