Li Haiyan, Tsuchimoto Suguru, Harada Kyuya, Yamasaki Masanori, Sakai Hiroe, Wada Naoki, Alipour Atefeh, Sasai Tomohiro, Tsunekawa Atsushi, Tsujimoto Hisashi, Ando Takayuki, Tomemori Hisashi, Sato Shusei, Hirakawa Hideki, Quintero Victor P, Zamarripa Alfredo, Santos Primitivo, Hegazy Adel, Ali Abdalla M, Fukui Kiichi
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversityOsaka, Japan.
Plant Bioengineering for Bioenergy Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka UniversityOsaka, Japan.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Sep 7;8:1539. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01539. eCollection 2017.
L. (Jatropha), a shrub species of the family Euphorbiaceae, has been recognized as a promising biofuel plant for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, recent attempts at commercial cultivation in Africa and Asia have failed because of low productivity. It is important to elucidate genetic diversity and relationship in worldwide Jatropha genetic resources for breeding of better commercial cultivars. Here, genetic diversity was analyzed by using 246 accessions from Mesoamerica, Africa and Asia, based on 59 simple sequence repeat markers and eight retrotransposon-based insertion polymorphism markers. We found that central Chiapas of Mexico possesses the most diverse genetic resources, and the Chiapas Central Depression could be the center of origin. We identified three genetic groups in Mesoamerica, whose distribution revealed a distinct geographic cline. One of them consists mainly of accessions from central Chiapas. This suggests that it represents the original genetic group. We found two Veracruz accessions in another group, whose ancestors might be shipped from Port of Veracruz to the Old World, to be the source of all African and Asian Jatropha. Our results suggest the human selection that caused low productivity in Africa and Asia, and also breeding strategies to improve African and Asian Jatropha. Cultivars improved in the productivity will contribute to expand mass commercial cultivation of Jatropha in Africa and Asia to increase biofuel production, and finally will support in the battle against the climate change.
麻风树属大戟科灌木，被视为一种有潜力的生物燃料植物，有助于减少温室气体排放。然而，由于产量低，近期在非洲和亚洲进行商业化种植的尝试均告失败。为培育出更优良的商业品种，阐明全球麻风树遗传资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系至关重要。在此，基于59个简单序列重复标记和8个反转录转座子插入多态性标记，对来自中美洲、非洲和亚洲的246份种质资源的遗传多样性进行了分析。我们发现，墨西哥恰帕斯州中部拥有最为多样的遗传资源，恰帕斯州中部凹陷地带可能是其起源中心。我们在中美洲确定了三个遗传组，其分布呈现出明显的地理渐变群。其中一个主要由恰帕斯州中部的种质组成。这表明它代表了原始遗传组。我们在另一个组中发现了两份韦拉克鲁斯州的种质，其祖先可能是从韦拉克鲁斯港运往旧世界，成为所有非洲和亚洲麻风树种质的来源。我们的研究结果揭示了导致非洲和亚洲产量低的人为选择因素，以及改良非洲和亚洲麻风树的育种策略。提高产量的品种将有助于扩大非洲和亚洲麻风树的大规模商业化种植，增加生物燃料产量，最终为应对气候变化提供支持。
