Velayutham Banurekha, Kangusamy Boopathi, Mehendale Sanjay
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sathyamoorthy Road, Chetput, Chennai 600031, Tamil Nadu, India.
National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Sathyamoorthy Road, Chetput, Chennai 600031, Tamil Nadu, India.
Natl Med J India. 2017 May-Jun;30(3):125-130.
Information on disability is essential for the government to formulate policies, allocate adequate resources and implement appropriate programmes. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of disability and describe the types of disability by gender, age and geographical regions in Tamil Nadu, India.
We analysed the 2011 Census cross-sectional survey data of Tamil Nadu. Age-adjusted disability rates and disability rates per 100 000 population were calculated.
There were 1 179 963 disabled individuals in Tamil Nadu in 2011, a disability rate of 1635 per 100 000 population. Disability in movement, hearing and sight individually accounted for 24%, 19% and 11% of the total disability, respectively. Sixteen districts had disability rates above the state average. As age advanced, disability rates increased; the highest disability rate of 2533 per 100 000 was among people aged 60 years and above. The disability rates were higher in males compared to females (1819 v. 1451 per 100 000). Rural areas had higher disability areas compared to urban (1670 v. 1599 per 100 000). Currently married, working populations and literate populations had lower disability rates. Disability rate in the Scheduled Castes was higher at 1763 per 100 000 compared to the Scheduled Tribes and other social groups. Multiple disability was high in the age groups 0-19 years and 60 years and above.
Physical or mental disability was observed in 1.6% of the population of Tamil Nadu. Research is warranted to identify underlying causes and interventions to reduce the burden of disability in the state.
残疾信息对于政府制定政策、分配充足资源以及实施适当项目至关重要。我们旨在估算印度泰米尔纳德邦的残疾患病率，并按性别、年龄和地理区域描述残疾类型。
我们分析了泰米尔纳德邦2011年人口普查的横断面调查数据。计算了年龄调整后的残疾率和每10万人口的残疾率。
2011年泰米尔纳德邦有1179963名残疾人，残疾率为每10万人口1635人。行动、听力和视力残疾分别占总残疾的24%、19%和11%。16个区的残疾率高于该邦平均水平。随着年龄增长，残疾率上升；60岁及以上人群的残疾率最高，为每10万人口2533人。男性的残疾率高于女性（每10万人口分别为1819人和1451人）。农村地区的残疾率高于城市地区（每10万人口分别为1670人和1599人）。目前已婚、在职人口和识字人口的残疾率较低。在册种姓的残疾率较高，为每10万人口1763人，高于在册部落和其他社会群体。0至19岁和60岁及以上年龄组的多重残疾率较高。
泰米尔纳德邦1.6%的人口存在身体或精神残疾。有必要开展研究以确定根本原因和干预措施，以减轻该邦的残疾负担。
