Keane Margaret G, Shah Amar, Pereira Stephen P, Joshi Deepak
Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.
F1000Res. 2017 Sep 5;6:1643. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11371.1. eCollection 2017.
The UK incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is 9 per 100,000 population, and biliary tract cancer occurs at a rate of 1-2 per 100,000. The incidence of both cancers is increasing annually and these tumours continue to be diagnosed late and at an advanced stage, limiting options for curative treatment. Population-based screening programmes do not exist for these cancers, and diagnosis currently is dependent on symptom recognition, but often symptoms are not present until the disease is advanced. Recently, a number of promising blood and urine biomarkers have been described for pancreaticobiliary malignancy and are summarised in this review. Novel endoscopic techniques such as single-operator cholangioscopy and confocal endomicroscopy have been used in some centres to enhance standard endoscopic diagnostic techniques and are also evaluated in this review.
英国胰腺导管腺癌的发病率为每10万人中有9例，胆管癌的发病率为每10万人中有1 - 2例。这两种癌症的发病率每年都在上升，而且这些肿瘤仍在晚期才被诊断出来，这限制了治愈性治疗的选择。目前还没有针对这些癌症的基于人群的筛查项目，目前的诊断依赖于症状识别，但通常直到疾病进展才会出现症状。最近，已经描述了一些用于胰胆恶性肿瘤的有前景的血液和尿液生物标志物，本综述对此进行了总结。一些中心已经使用了诸如单人操作胆管镜检查和共聚焦内镜显微镜等新型内镜技术来增强标准内镜诊断技术，本综述也对其进行了评估。
