Pourahmadi Mohammad Reza, Ebrahimi Takamjani Ismail, Jaberzadeh Shapour, Sarrafzadeh Javad, Sanjari Mohammad Ali, Bagheri Rasool, Taghipour Morteza
J Sport Rehabil. 2019 Jan 1;28(1):77-93. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2017-0147.
Clinical evaluation of the spine is commonplace in musculoskeletal therapies, such as physiotherapy, physical medicine/rehabilitation, osteopathic, and chiropractic clinics. Sit-to-stand (STS) is one of the most mechanically demanding daily activities and crucial to independence. Difficulty or inability to perform STS is common in individuals with a variety of motor disabilities, such as low back pain (LBP).
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate available evidence in literature to determine 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional kinematics of the spine during STS in patients with LBP and healthy young adult participants using motion analysis systems (electromagnetic and marker based).
Electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE [National Library of Medicine], Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) were searched between January 2002 and February 2017. Additionally, the reference lists of the articles that met the inclusion criteria were also searched. Prospective studies published in peer-reviewed journals, with full text available in English, investigating the kinematics of the spine during STS in healthy subjects (mean age between 18 and 50 y) or in patients with LBP using motion analysis systems, were included. Sixteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. All information relating to methodology and kinematic modeling of the spine segments along with the outcome measures was extracted from the studies identified for synthesis.
The results indicated that the kinematics of the spine are greatly changed in patients with LBP. In order to develop a better understanding of spine kinematics, studies recommended that the trunk should be analyzed as a multisegment. It has been shown that there is no difference between the kinematics of patients with LBP and healthy population when the spine is analyzed as a single segment. Furthermore, between-gender differences are present during STS movement.
This review provided a valuable summary of the research to date examining the kinematics of the spine during STS.
在肌肉骨骼治疗中，如物理治疗、物理医学/康复、整骨疗法和脊椎按摩疗法诊所，对脊柱进行临床评估很常见。从坐到站（STS）是日常活动中对机械要求最高的活动之一，对独立性至关重要。在患有各种运动障碍的个体中，如腰痛（LBP）患者，难以或无法进行STS很常见。
本系统评价的目的是评估文献中的现有证据，以确定使用运动分析系统（电磁和基于标记）的LBP患者和健康年轻成人参与者在STS期间脊柱的二维和三维运动学。
在2002年1月至2017年2月期间检索了电子数据库（PubMed/MEDLINE[国立医学图书馆]、Scopus、ScienceDirect和谷歌学术）。此外，还检索了符合纳入标准的文章的参考文献列表。纳入在同行评审期刊上发表的前瞻性研究，这些研究全文可用英文，使用运动分析系统研究健康受试者（平均年龄在18至50岁之间）或LBP患者在STS期间脊柱的运动学。16项研究符合纳入标准。从确定用于综合的研究中提取了与脊柱节段的方法学和运动学建模以及结果测量相关的所有信息。
结果表明，LBP患者的脊柱运动学有很大变化。为了更好地理解脊柱运动学，研究建议将躯干作为多节段进行分析。研究表明，当将脊柱作为单个节段进行分析时，LBP患者和健康人群的运动学没有差异。此外，在STS运动期间存在性别差异。
本综述提供了迄今为止研究STS期间脊柱运动学的研究的有价值总结。
