Lewandowska Anna, Filip Rafał
Institute of Healthcare, Bronisław Markiewicz State School of Technology and Economics, Jarosław, Poland.
Department of Clinical Endoscopy, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017 Sep 21;24(3):496-501. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1235158. Epub 2017 May 11.
The objective of the study was to analyze the level of knowledge on tumours and their prevention among rural inhabitants.
The research involved 500 residents of villages in Podkarpackie Province in south-east Poland. The age of the researched ranges from 18-30 years; mean age - 26.96±0.84 (range [18, 30], median 25.95%CI [18, 9, 29, 01]). The researched group was represented in 47.59% by women in 52.41% by men. In order to obtain the research material, a standardized questionnaire was applied which included questions focused mainly on assessment of the level of knowledge on tumours (causes, symptoms, ways of treatment, prevention), as well as questions with both spontaneous and prompted answers.
34.72% of respondents confirmed the occurrence of tumours in their family; the most frequently occurring was a lung tumour (9.4%). While assessing the degree of relationship it was proved that among parents' of the respondents, neoplastic disease had occurred in 3.22% of cases, and in 22.36% of cases it affected grandparents. In self-assessment, a low level of knowledge was indicated by 35.35% of respondents: average by 30.45%, hard to determine by 32%, while 2.18% stated that their level of knowledge was high. The most frequently enumerated risk factors were: smoking (36.61%), improper diet (15.03%), and improper lifestyle (9.83%). UV radiation was a risk factor for 16.18%; however, a solarium only for 1.93% of respondents. For 37.94%, a medical examination was a diagnostic method in neoplastic disease.
According to self-assessment, every third respondent stated having a low or average level of knowledge. The most frequently used source of knowledge was the Internet, and much more rarely a doctor or a nurse. Very few of the respondents could enumerate the tests applied in the early detection of neoplastic diseases.
本研究的目的是分析农村居民对肿瘤及其预防的知识水平。
研究涉及波兰东南部Podkarpackie省500名农村居民。研究对象年龄在18 - 30岁之间；平均年龄为26.96±0.84（范围[18, 30]，中位数25.95%CI[18.9, 29.01]）。研究组中女性占47.59%，男性占52.41%。为获取研究材料，采用了标准化问卷，其中包括主要侧重于评估肿瘤知识水平（病因、症状、治疗方法、预防）的问题，以及既有自发回答又有提示回答的问题。
34.72%的受访者确认其家族中有肿瘤发生；最常见的是肺癌（9.4%）。在评估关联程度时发现，受访者的父母中，3.22%的病例发生了肿瘤疾病，22.36%的病例影响到祖父母。在自我评估中，35.35%的受访者表示知识水平低；30.45%表示中等，32%难以确定，而2.18%表示自己的知识水平高。最常列举的风险因素是：吸烟（36.61%）、饮食不当（15.03%）和生活方式不当（9.83%）。紫外线辐射是16.18%受访者的风险因素；然而，只有1.93%的受访者认为日光浴是风险因素。37.94%的受访者认为医学检查是肿瘤疾病的诊断方法。
根据自我评估，每三名受访者中就有一名表示知识水平低或中等。最常用的知识来源是互联网，而医生或护士则很少被提及。很少有受访者能列举出用于早期检测肿瘤疾病的检查项目。
