Ahlgrim Nathan S, Raper Jessica, Johnson Emily, Bachevalier Jocelyne
Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, Emory University.
Department of Psychology and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University.
Behav Neurosci. 2017 Oct;131(5):359-71. doi: 10.1037/bne0000208.
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a collection of brain regions best known for their role in perception, memory, and emotional behavior. Within the MTL, the perirhinal cortex (PRh) plays a critical role in perceptual representation and recognition memory, although its contribution to emotional regulation is still debated. Here, rhesus monkeys with neonatal perirhinal lesions (Neo-PRh) and controls (Neo-C) were tested on the Human Intruder (HI) task at 2 months, 4.5 months, and 5 years of age to assess the role of the PRh in the development of emotional behaviors. The HI task presents a tiered social threat to which typically developing animals modulate their emotional responses according to the level of threat. Unlike animals with neonatal amygdala or hippocampal lesions, Neo-PRh animals were not broadly hyper- or hyporesponsive to the threat presented by the HI task as compared with controls. Instead, Neo-PRh animals displayed an impaired ability to modulate their freezing and anxiety-like behavioral responses according to the varying levels of threat. Impaired transmission of perceptual representation generated by the PRh to the amygdala and hippocampus may explain the animals' inability to appropriately assess and react to complex social stimuli. Neo-PRh animals also displayed fewer hostile behaviors in infancy and more coo vocalizations in adulthood. Neither stress-reactive nor basal cortisol levels were affected by the Neo-PRh lesions. Overall, these results suggest that the PRh is indirectly involved in the expression of emotional behavior and that effects of Neo-PRh lesions are dissociable from neonatal lesions to other temporal lobe structures. (PsycINFO Database Record
内侧颞叶（MTL）是一组脑区，因其在感知、记忆和情绪行为中的作用而广为人知。在MTL内，嗅周皮质（PRh）在感知表征和识别记忆中起关键作用，尽管其对情绪调节的贡献仍存在争议。在此，对患有新生儿嗅周皮质损伤（Neo-PRh）的恒河猴和对照组（Neo-C）在2个月、4.5个月和5岁时进行人类入侵者（HI）任务测试，以评估PRh在情绪行为发展中的作用。HI任务呈现出一种分层的社会威胁，正常发育的动物会根据威胁程度调节其情绪反应。与患有新生儿杏仁核或海马体损伤的动物不同，与对照组相比，Neo-PRh动物对HI任务所呈现的威胁并没有广泛的过度或反应不足。相反，Neo-PRh动物根据不同威胁水平调节其僵住和焦虑样行为反应的能力受损。PRh产生的感知表征向杏仁核和海马体的传递受损可能解释了动物无法对复杂社会刺激进行适当评估和反应的原因。Neo-PRh动物在婴儿期还表现出较少的敌对行为，在成年期发出更多的咕咕叫声。Neo-PRh损伤对压力反应性皮质醇水平和基础皮质醇水平均无影响。总体而言，这些结果表明PRh间接参与情绪行为的表达，并且Neo-PRh损伤的影响与新生儿期其他颞叶结构的损伤是可分离的。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
