Younus Iyan, Reddy Doodipala Samba
a Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine , Texas A&M Health Science Center , Bryan , TX , USA.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Jan;11(1):27-45. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1386553. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide. Despite many advances in epilepsy research, nearly a third of patients with epilepsy have refractory or pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Despite the approval of a dozen antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) over the past decade, there are no agents that halt the development of epilepsy. Thus, newer and better AEDs that can prevent refractory seizures and modify the disease are needed for curing epilepsy. Areas covered: In this article, we highlight the recent advances and emerging trends in new and innovative drugs for epilepsy and seizure disorders. We review in detail top new drugs that are currently in clinical trials or agents that are under development and have novel mechanisms of action. Expert commentary: Among the new agents under clinical investigation, the majority were originally developed for treating other neurological diseases (everolimus, fenfluramine, nalutozan, bumetanide, and valnoctamide); several have mechanisms of action similar to those of conventional AEDs (AP, ganaxolone, and YKP3089); and some new agents represent novel mechanisms of actions (huperzine-A, cannabidiol, tonabersat, and VX-765).
癫痫是最常见的神经系统疾病之一，全球约有5000万人受其影响。尽管癫痫研究取得了许多进展，但近三分之一的癫痫患者患有难治性或药物抵抗性癫痫。尽管在过去十年中已有十几种抗癫痫药物（AEDs）获批，但尚无药物能够阻止癫痫的发展。因此，需要更新、更好的AEDs来预防难治性癫痫发作并改善病情，以治愈癫痫。涵盖领域：在本文中，我们重点介绍了用于癫痫和癫痫发作疾病的新型创新药物的最新进展和新兴趋势。我们详细回顾了目前正在进行临床试验的顶级新药或正在研发且具有新作用机制的药物。专家评论：在正在进行临床研究的新药中，大多数最初是为治疗其他神经系统疾病而开发的（依维莫司、芬氟拉明、纳鲁托赞、布美他尼和缬诺酰胺）；有几种药物的作用机制与传统AEDs类似（AP、加奈索酮和YKP3089）；还有一些新药代表了新的作用机制（石杉碱甲、大麻二酚、托纳贝萨特和VX - 765）。
