健康状况和主观幸福感之间的关系有多密切？系统评价和荟萃分析。

How strongly related are health status and subjective well-being? Systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

NIHR School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, UK.

出版信息

Eur J Public Health. 2017 Oct 1;27(5):879-885. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx081.

DOI:10.1093/eurpub/ckx081

PMID:28957478

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Health status is widely considered to be closely associated with subjective well-being (SWB), yet this assumption has not been tested rigorously. The aims of this first systematic review and meta-analysis are to examine the association between health status and SWB and to test whether any association is affected by key operational and methodological factors.

METHODS

A systematic search (January 1980-April 2017) using Web of Science, Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Global health was conducted according to Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. Meta-analyses using a random-effects model were performed.

RESULTS

Twenty nine studies were included and the pooled effect size of the association between health status and SWB was medium, statistically significant and positive (pooled r = 0.347, 95% CI = 0.309-0.385; Q = 691.51, I2 = 94.99%, P < 0.001). However, the association was significantly stronger: (i) when SWB was operationalised as life satisfaction (r = 0.365) as opposed to happiness (r = 0.307); (ii) among studies conducted in developing countries (r = 0.423) than it was in developed countries (r = 0.336) and (iii) when multiple items were used to assess health status and SWB (r = 0.353) as opposed to single items (r = 0.326).

CONCLUSION

Improving people's health status may be one means by which governments can improve the SWB of their citizens. Life satisfaction might be preferred to happiness as a measure of SWB because it better captures the influence of health status.

摘要

背景

健康状况被广泛认为与主观幸福感（SWB）密切相关，但这一假设尚未得到严格检验。本研究的目的是检验健康状况与 SWB 之间的关联，并检验任何关联是否受到关键操作和方法因素的影响。

方法

根据 Cochrane 和 PRISMA 指南，使用 Web of Science、Medline、Embase、PsycInfo 和 Global health 进行了系统检索（1980 年 1 月至 2017 年 4 月）。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。

结果

共纳入 29 项研究，健康状况与 SWB 之间关联的汇总效应大小为中等、具有统计学意义且为正（汇总 r = 0.347，95%CI = 0.309-0.385；Q = 691.51，I2 = 94.99%，P < 0.001）。然而，当 SWB 被定义为生活满意度（r = 0.365）而不是幸福感（r = 0.307）时，关联更强；（ii）在发展中国家进行的研究（r = 0.423）比在发达国家进行的研究（r = 0.336）更强；（iii）当使用多个项目评估健康状况和 SWB 时（r = 0.353）比使用单个项目时（r = 0.326）更强。