Rodríguez-Romero Alexis Joseph, Rico-Sánchez Axel Eduardo, Catalá Myriam, Sedeño-Díaz Jacinto Elías, López-López Eugenia
Laboratorio de Evaluación de la Salud de los Ecosistemas Acuáticos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, C.P. 11340, Delegación Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, c/ Tulipán s/n, E-28933, Móstoles (Madrid), Spain.
Chemosphere. 2017 Dec;189:435-444. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.094. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
Early-warning biomarkers, such as mitochondrial activity, have become a key tool in ecosystem assessment. This study aims to evaluate the response of mitochondrial activity in spores of the autochthonous fern Cyathea costaricensis as a bioassessment tool concurrently with land use and physicochemical evaluation in 11 sites along Bobos River, Veracruz, Mexico, to assess river water quality. Bobos River is located in the Nautla basin, northeastern Veracruz (Mexico); the upper river runs through a protected natural area (Filobobos River and adjacent areas). The study involved three monitoring periods: February, June and September 2014. In each study site, physicochemical water quality parameters were recorded to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI); also, study sites were characterized in terms of land use. Water samples were collected to perform bioassays where spores of C. costaricensis were exposed to samples to assess mitochondrial activity; a positive control exposure test was run under controlled conditions to maximize mitochondrial activity. A Principal Component Analysis was performed to correlate land-use attributes with environmental variables and mitochondrial activity. Three river sections were identified: the upper portion was characterized by the dominance of native vegetation, the highest WQI (in September), and the lowest mitochondrial activity (63.87%-77.47%), related to the geological nature of the basin and high hardness levels. Mitochondrial activity peaked in September (98.32% ± 9.01), likely resulting from nutrient enrichment in the rainy season, and was lowest in February (74.54% ± 1.60) (p < 0.05). Mitochondrial activity was found to be a good benchmark for the assessment of water quality, reflecting the effects of physicochemical characteristics. Mitochondrial activity showed changes along the river and between seasons, associated with environmental characteristics such as land use and the geological nature of the basin, as well as with those related to human impacts.
早期预警生物标志物，如线粒体活性，已成为生态系统评估的关键工具。本研究旨在评估本地蕨类植物哥斯达黎加桫椤孢子中线粒体活性的响应，将其作为一种生物评估工具，同时在墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯波波河沿岸的11个地点进行土地利用和理化评估，以评估河流水质。波波河位于韦拉克鲁斯州东北部的纳特拉盆地；河流上游流经一个受保护的自然区域（菲洛波波河及周边地区）。该研究涉及三个监测期：2014年2月、6月和9月。在每个研究地点，记录理化水质参数以计算水质指数（WQI）；此外，还对研究地点的土地利用情况进行了特征描述。采集水样进行生物测定，将哥斯达黎加桫椤的孢子暴露于水样中以评估线粒体活性；在受控条件下进行阳性对照暴露试验以最大化线粒体活性。进行主成分分析以关联土地利用属性与环境变量和线粒体活性。确定了三个河段：上游部分的特点是原生植被占主导地位，WQI最高（9月），线粒体活性最低（63.87%-77.47%），这与盆地的地质性质和高硬度水平有关。线粒体活性在9月达到峰值（98.32%±9.01），可能是雨季营养物质富集所致，2月最低（74.54%±1.60）（p<0.05）。发现线粒体活性是评估水质的良好基准，反映了理化特征的影响。线粒体活性沿河流和季节之间发生变化，与土地利用和盆地地质性质等环境特征以及与人类影响相关的特征有关。
