Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
Int J Cardiol. 2017 Dec 15;249:431-433. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.173. Epub 2017 Sep 22.
The clinical features of acute PE have not been well studied in South-East Asia. We therefore sought to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in our region.
From January 2008 to March 2013, 343 patients were admitted to our tertiary institution with acute PE. Data were collected retrospectively on baseline clinical characteristics, presenting signs and symptoms, results of electrocardiographic and imaging studies, therapeutic modality and hospital course.
91% of the patients presented with submassive PE. 6.1% of patients had saddle PE. The most common presenting symptom was dyspnea (72.3%) followed by chest pain (12.8%), hemoptysis (2.6%), syncope (2.6%) and cardiovascular collapse (1.2%). Risk factors for PE were idiopathic cause (33.5%), immobilization (21%), malignancy (6.1%) and hypercoagulable state (2.9%). The overall in-hospital mortality was 5%. Factors associated with mortality were massive PE, tachycardia at presentation, right ventricular dysfunction and cardiogenic shock. Bleeding complications occurred in 10.2% of patients (major bleeding in 3.5%).
Acute PE in the South-East Asian patients is associated with an overall mortality rate of 5%. The bleeding complications from treatment are also high.
东南亚地区对急性肺栓塞（PE）的临床特征研究甚少。因此，我们旨在评估本地区急性 PE 患者的临床特征、危险因素和结局。
2008 年 1 月至 2013 年 3 月，343 例急性 PE 患者被收入我院。回顾性收集患者的基本临床特征、临床表现、心电图和影像学检查结果、治疗方法和住院经过等数据。
91%的患者表现为次大面积 PE，6.1%的患者为骑跨性 PE。最常见的临床表现为呼吸困难（72.3%），其次为胸痛（12.8%）、咯血（2.6%）、晕厥（2.6%）和心源性休克（1.2%）。PE 的危险因素包括特发性病因（33.5%）、制动（21%）、恶性肿瘤（6.1%）和高凝状态（2.9%）。总住院病死率为 5%。与死亡相关的因素包括大面积 PE、就诊时心动过速、右心室功能障碍和心源性休克。10.2%的患者发生出血并发症（大出血 3.5%）。
东南亚患者的急性 PE 总体病死率为 5%，治疗相关出血并发症也较高。
