Orozco-Restrepo Silvana M, Soares Bruno O, Xavier Vânia M, Silva Felipe L, Barbosa Márcio Henrique P, Peternelli Luiz A, Pereira Eliseu José G
Department of Plant Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil.
Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil.
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Dec 5;110(6):2655-2661. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox232.
Understanding how host-crop genotypes affect the life history of insect pests is important for developing and using varietal resistance as a pest control measure. Here we determined how wild and cultivated sugarcane genotypes affect key life-history traits and the demographic performance of the root spittlebug, Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål; Hemiptera: Cercopidae), a major pest of sugarcane, which produces most of the world's sugar and bioethanol. In the greenhouse, plants of four sugarcane genotypes (two wild and two cultivated) were infested with newly-ecloded spittlebug nymphs. A longitudinal life-table experiment was conducted recording developmental time, survival, reproductive output, and longevity of the released spittlebug nymphs. One of the promising sugarcane genotypes was the accession IM76-229 (Saccharum robustum Brandes & Jesw. ex Grassl), which allowed only 20% of nymph survival to adulthood and reduced the spittlebug longevity by 10 d. Such effects on these life-history traits led to a negative intrinsic rate of population growth (rm = -0.002) of the insects, indicating that the test population would eventually go extinct on this sugarcane genotype. An opposite trend (i.e., population growth) was obtained for the insects raised on Saccharum spp. (SP81-3250 and SP80-1816 cultivars) and Erianthus arundinaceus (Retz) Jeswiet (Kawandang genotype). These results show that S. robustum IM76-229 genotype has resistance traits that drastically reduce spittlebug population growth and indicate that it can be used in breeding programs aiming to develop sugarcane cultivars with resistance to spittlebugs.
了解宿主作物基因型如何影响害虫的生活史对于开发和利用品种抗性作为害虫防治措施至关重要。在此，我们确定了野生和栽培甘蔗基因型如何影响甘蔗主要害虫——根沫蝉（Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål; 半翅目：沫蝉科)）的关键生活史特征和种群统计学表现，甘蔗是世界上大部分食糖和生物乙醇的来源。在温室中，用新羽化的沫蝉若虫侵染了四种甘蔗基因型（两种野生型和两种栽培型）的植株。进行了一项纵向生命表实验，记录释放的沫蝉若虫的发育时间、存活率、繁殖产量和寿命。其中一个有前景的甘蔗基因型是种质IM76 - 229（甘蔗（Saccharum robustum Brandes & Jesw. ex Grassl）），它仅使20%的若虫存活至成年，并使沫蝉寿命缩短了10天。对这些生活史特征的此类影响导致昆虫的种群内禀增长率为负（rm = -0.002），表明测试种群最终会在这种甘蔗基因型上灭绝。对于在甘蔗属（Saccharum spp.）（品种SP81 - 3250和SP80 - 1816）以及斑茅（Erianthus arundinaceus (Retz) Jeswiet（卡万当基因型））上饲养的昆虫，得到了相反的趋势（即种群增长）。这些结果表明，甘蔗IM76 - 229基因型具有显著降低沫蝉种群增长的抗性特征，并表明它可用于旨在培育抗沫蝉甘蔗品种的育种计划。
