Shen Xiu-Qin, Zhang Yan-Nan, Li Ting, Jiang Jue-Ying-Qi, Zhang Jian-Ping
College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Oct 1;110(5):2031-2038. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox206.
The use of chemical pesticides particularly acaricides can reduce the control efficacy of natural enemies. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the toxicity of three acaricides to the phytoseiid mite Neoseiulus bicaudus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) by spraying acaricides on N. bicaudus adult females and 2) to determine the effect of these acaricides on the functional response of different stages of N. bicaudus to the prey Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nikolski (Acari: Tetranychidae). The results indicated that the survivability of N. bicaudus differed among the three acaricides tested. Pyridaben exhibited the highest toxicity to N. bicaudus not only because it caused higher mortality but also because it reduced the peak consumption for adults and increased the peak consumption for deutonymphs of N. bicaudus. The two other acaricides, azocyclotin and bifenazate, also slightly reduced the peak consumption, but not significantly, and the overall functional response was not different from control, untreated predatory mites. Bifenazate (143-4,300 mg a.i./liter) was relatively nontoxic to N. bicaudus (less than 10% mortality) but highly toxic to T. turkestani (more than 95% mortality). Accordingly, bifenazate is the most suitable for maintaining N. bicaudus in the field. Combining bifenazate and azocyclotin with N. bicaudus is a possible strategy for T. turkestani management.
化学农药尤其是杀螨剂的使用会降低天敌的防治效果。本研究的目的是：1）通过向双尾新小绥螨成年雌螨喷洒杀螨剂，评估三种杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨（蜱螨亚纲：植绥螨科）的毒性；2）确定这些杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨不同发育阶段对猎物土耳其斯坦叶螨（蜱螨亚纲：叶螨科）功能反应的影响。结果表明，在所测试的三种杀螨剂中，双尾新小绥螨的存活率存在差异。哒螨灵对双尾新小绥螨的毒性最高，这不仅是因为它导致了更高的死亡率，还因为它降低了成年螨的捕食高峰量，增加了双尾新小绥螨若螨的捕食高峰量。另外两种杀螨剂，三唑锡和联苯肼酯，也略微降低了捕食高峰量，但不显著，并且总体功能反应与未处理的对照捕食螨没有差异。联苯肼酯（143 - 4300毫克有效成分/升）对双尾新小绥螨相对无毒（死亡率低于10%），但对土耳其斯坦叶螨剧毒（死亡率超过95%）。因此，联苯肼酯最适合在田间维持双尾新小绥螨的数量。将联苯肼酯和三唑锡与双尾新小绥螨联合使用是防治土耳其斯坦叶螨的一种可能策略。
