Ma Yanjun, Elankumaran Subbiah, Marr Linsey C, Vejerano Eric P, Pruden Amy
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 418 Durham Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
Department of Biomedical Sciences & Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
Toxicol Rep. 2014 Sep 21;1:871-876. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.08.017. eCollection 2014.
Here we characterize the toxicity of environmentally-relevant forms of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), which can transform during wastewater treatment and persist in aqueous effluents and biosolids. In an aerosol exposure scenario, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of effluents and biosolids from lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) to A549 human lung epithelial cells were examined. The SBRs were dosed with nanoAg, nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), nanoTiO and nanoCeO at sequentially increasing concentrations from 0.1 to 20 mg/L. Toxicities were compared to outputs from SBRs dosed with ionic/bulk analogs, undosed SBRs, and pristine ENMs. Pristine nanoAg and NZVI showed significant cytotoxicity to A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner from 1 to 67 μg/mL, while nanoTiO and nanoCeO only exerted cytotoxicity at 67 μg/mL. Only nanoAg induced a genotoxic response, at 9, 33 and 53 μg/mL. However, no significant cytotoxic or genotoxic effects of the SBR effluents or biosolids containing nanomaterials were observed.
在此，我们对环境相关形式的工程纳米材料（ENM）的毒性进行了表征，这些纳米材料在废水处理过程中会发生转化，并在出水和生物固体中持续存在。在气溶胶暴露场景中，研究了实验室规模序批式反应器（SBR）的出水和生物固体对A549人肺上皮细胞的细胞毒性和遗传毒性。向SBR中依次加入浓度从0.1到20 mg/L递增的纳米银（nanoAg）、纳米零价铁（NZVI）、纳米二氧化钛（nanoTiO）和纳米氧化铈（nanoCeO）。将毒性与加入离子/块状类似物的SBR、未加药的SBR以及原始ENM的产出进行比较。原始纳米银和NZVI在1至67 μg/mL的剂量范围内对A549细胞表现出显著的剂量依赖性细胞毒性，而纳米二氧化钛和纳米氧化铈仅在67 μg/mL时表现出细胞毒性。只有纳米银在9、33和53 μg/mL时诱导了遗传毒性反应。然而，未观察到含有纳米材料的SBR出水或生物固体有显著的细胞毒性或遗传毒性作用。
