Pham Thanh-Luu, Shimizu Kazuya, Dao Thanh-Son, Hong-Do Lan-Chi, Utsumi Motoo
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
Institute of Tropical Biology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
Toxicol Rep. 2015 Feb 7;2:88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.01.012. eCollection 2015.
We investigated the accumulation and adverse effects of toxic and non-toxic in the edible clam . Treated clams were exposed to toxic at 100 μg of MC (microcystin)-LR L for 10 days. The experimental organism was then placed in toxin-free water and fed on non-toxic for the following 10 days for depuration. Filtering rates (FRs) by of toxic and non-toxic and of the green alga as a control were estimated. Adverse effects were evaluated though the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Clam accumulated MCs (up to 12.7 ± 2.5 μg g dry weight (DW) of free MC and 4.2 ± 0.6 μg g DW of covalently bound MC). Our results suggest that although both toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria caused adverse effects by inducing the detoxification and antioxidant defense system, the clam was quite resistant to cyanotoxins. The estimated MC concentration in was far beyond the World Health Organization's (WHO) provisional tolerable daily intake (0.04 μg kg day), suggesting that consuming clams harvested during cyanobacterial blooms carries a high health risk.
我们研究了有毒和无毒蓝藻在食用蛤中的积累及不良影响。将处理过的蛤暴露于含有100微克微囊藻毒素-LR（MC-LR）的有毒蓝藻中10天。然后将实验生物置于无毒水中，并在接下来的10天内投喂无毒蓝藻进行净化。估算了蛤对有毒和无毒蓝藻以及作为对照的绿藻的滤食率（FRs）。通过过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）的活性评估不良影响。蛤积累了微囊藻毒素（游离微囊藻毒素高达12.7±2.5微克/克干重（DW），共价结合微囊藻毒素为4.2±0.6微克/克DW）。我们的结果表明，尽管有毒和无毒蓝藻均通过诱导解毒和抗氧化防御系统产生不良影响，但蛤对蓝藻毒素具有相当的抗性。估算的蓝藻中微囊藻毒素浓度远远超过世界卫生组织（WHO）的每日暂定耐受摄入量（0.04微克/千克/天），这表明食用蓝藻水华期间收获的蛤存在很高的健康风险。
