Elie Benjamin, Laprie Yves
Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications, l'Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 Sep;142(3):1303. doi: 10.1121/1.5000232.
The paper presents a numerical study about the acoustic impact of the gradual glottal opening on the production of fricatives. Sustained fricatives are simulated by using classic lumped circuit element methods to compute the propagation of the acoustic wave along the vocal tract. A recent glottis model is connected to the wave solver to simulate a partial abduction of the vocal folds during their self-oscillating cycles. Area functions of fricatives at the three places of articulation of French have been extracted from static MRI acquisitions. Simulations highlight the existence of three distinct regimes, named A, B, and C, depending on the degree of abduction of the glottis. They are characterized by the frication noise level: A exhibits a low frication noise level, B, which is a transitional unstable regime, is a mixed noise/voice signal, and C contains only frication noise. They have significant impacts on the first spectral moments. Simulations show that their boundaries depend on articulatory and glottal configurations. The transition regime B is shown to be unstable: it requires very specific configurations in comparison with other regimes, and acoustic features are very sensitive to small perturbations of the glottal configuration abduction in this regime.
本文介绍了一项关于声门逐渐张开对擦音产生的声学影响的数值研究。通过使用经典的集总电路元件方法来计算声波沿声道的传播，对持续擦音进行了模拟。一个最新的声门模型与波动求解器相连，以模拟声带在其自振荡周期内的部分外展。从静态磁共振成像采集数据中提取了法语三个发音部位的擦音面积函数。模拟结果突出显示了存在三种不同的状态，分别命名为A、B和C，这取决于声门的外展程度。它们的特征在于摩擦噪声水平：A呈现低摩擦噪声水平，B作为过渡不稳定状态，是一种混合噪声/语音信号，而C仅包含摩擦噪声。它们对第一频谱矩有显著影响。模拟表明，它们的边界取决于发音和声门配置。过渡状态B被证明是不稳定的：与其他状态相比相比状态相比，它需要非常特殊的配置，并且在该状态下，声学特征对声门配置外展的小扰动非常敏感。
