Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DSV/I2BM, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, IFD, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France.
Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DSV/I2BM, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin Center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2017 Nov;21(11):878-892. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2017.08.006. Epub 2017 Sep 26.
Schizophrenia is a severe and complex psychiatric disorder resulting in delusions, hallucinations, and cognitive impairments. Across a variety of paradigms, an elevated threshold for conscious perception has been repeatedly observed in persons with schizophrenia. Remarkably, even subtle measures of subliminal processing appear to be preserved. We argue here that the dissociation between impaired conscious access and intact unconscious processing may be due to a specific disruption of top-down attentional amplification. This proposal is compatible with the neurophysiological disturbances observed in schizophrenia, including dysconnectivity, abnormal neural oscillations, and glutamatergic and cholinergic dysregulation. Therefore, placing impaired conscious access as a central feature of schizophrenia can help researchers develop a coherent and parsimonious pathophysiological framework of the disease.
精神分裂症是一种严重且复杂的精神疾病，其症状包括妄想、幻觉和认知障碍。在各种范式中，精神分裂症患者的意识知觉阈值普遍升高。值得注意的是，即使是潜意识处理的微妙措施似乎也得到了保留。我们在这里认为，意识知觉受损与无意识加工完整之间的分离可能是由于自上而下的注意力放大的特定破坏。这一观点与精神分裂症中观察到的神经生理学紊乱是一致的，包括连通性障碍、异常的神经振荡以及谷氨酸能和胆碱能的失调。因此，将意识知觉受损作为精神分裂症的一个核心特征，可以帮助研究人员为该疾病建立一个连贯而简约的病理生理学框架。
