Brief Funct Genomics. 2018 May 1;17(3):151-156. doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elx021.
Insects of the Chironomidae family are characterized by a wide ecological diversity in freshwater ecosystems. The larvae have the physiological potential to tolerate environmental stress even when there is a low concentration of oxygen, the presence of toxic substances or when there are changes in temperature and salinity. On the other hand, it is important to consider that at a cellular level, when individual insects are exposed to environmental changes, it induces responses of groups of genes that govern the molecular mechanisms related to such tolerance. In this review, using fourth instar larvae of Chironomus spp. in natural conditions and of Chironomus columbiensis under controlled conditions, we will discuss the genetic expression of a group of genes that respond to detoxification and also the biological functions involved and impacted on by mining stressors. The study of macroinvertebrate bioindicator species and their gene expression as a result of mining activity opens a window on the search for genetic biomarkers that could be used in environmental pollution assessments in freshwater ecosystems.
摇蚊科昆虫的特点是在淡水生态系统中具有广泛的生态多样性。幼虫具有在低氧浓度、有毒物质存在或温度和盐度变化时耐受环境压力的生理潜力。另一方面，重要的是要考虑到，在细胞水平上，当个体昆虫暴露于环境变化时，它会诱导控制与这种耐受性相关的分子机制的基因群的反应。在本综述中，我们将使用天然条件下的 Chironomus spp. 的第四龄幼虫和受控条件下的 Chironomus columbiensis 来讨论一组基因的遗传表达，这些基因对解毒有反应，也讨论了涉及到的生物学功能以及采矿胁迫的影响。对大型无脊椎动物生物指标物种及其因采矿活动而产生的基因表达的研究为寻找遗传生物标志物开辟了一个窗口，这些标志物可用于评估淡水生态系统中的环境污染。
