APPEAR, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, USA.
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Appetite. 2018 Jan 1;120:449-455. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.030. Epub 2017 Sep 29.
The relationship between self-report trait level restriction and daily engagement in restriction behaviors is not well understood, and as a result the usefulness of such trait level measures is unclear. The present study aimed both to examine the validity of self-reported trait dietary restraint behaviors, and to examine the respective relationships among self-reported trait dietary restraint intentions and behaviors and both restrained and disinhibited eating at the daily level.
A sample of 109 women (M = 24.72, SD = 4.15) completed a self-report trait level measure of dietary restraint before providing EMA data on their daily engagement in dietary restraint and disinhibited eating behaviors, as well as mood, over a period of 7 days. Multilevel hurdle models were used to test the relationship between trait levels of dietary restraint, and daily level reports of restraint and disinhibited eating behaviors.
Trait restraint behavior was a consistent predictor of daily presence and frequency of restraint behaviors. In contrast, trait restraint intentions was not a predictor of daily restraint behaviors, however it did predict daily frequency of overeating. In addition, daily negative affect emerged as a predictor of comfort eating, but was not predictive of restraint behaviors.
Findings confirm the usefulness of assessments of self-reported trait dietary restraint behaviors as a method of capturing dieting behaviors. In contrast, trait level dietary restraint intentions was a poor predictor of eating outcomes and more research on the way that restraint intentions affect eating behaviors is warranted.
自我报告的特质水平限制与日常限制行为之间的关系尚不清楚，因此此类特质水平测量的有用性尚不清楚。本研究旨在检验自我报告的特质饮食限制行为的有效性，并检验自我报告的特质饮食限制意图与行为与日常限制和放纵进食之间的关系。
109 名女性（M=24.72，SD=4.15）在 7 天内完成了饮食限制的自我报告特质水平测量，然后提供了关于日常饮食限制和放纵进食行为以及情绪的 EMA 数据。使用多级障碍模型来检验特质水平的饮食限制与日常水平的限制和放纵进食行为之间的关系。
特质限制行为是日常限制行为存在和频率的一致预测因素。相比之下，特质限制意图并不是日常限制行为的预测因素，但它确实预测了日常暴食的频率。此外，日常负面情绪是安慰性进食的预测因素，但不预测限制行为。
研究结果证实了评估自我报告的特质饮食限制行为作为捕捉节食行为的一种方法的有用性。相比之下，特质水平的饮食限制意图是进食结果的一个较差的预测因素，需要更多的研究来探索限制意图如何影响进食行为。
