San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Appetite. 2019 Sep 1;140:98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.013. Epub 2019 May 9.
Ability to restrain one's dietary intake is a necessary skill for weight loss. However, dietary restraint has been shown to paradoxically increase disinhibited eating in certain populations, thereby negatively impacting weight loss and leading to worse overall health outcomes. The aim of this study was to address gaps in the literature regarding the relationships between separate facets of dietary restraint (intention; behavior) with weight loss and various types of disinhibited eating (binge eating, external eating, emotional eating) in overweight and obese adults who recently completed a weight loss intervention. A sample of mostly male Veterans with overweight and obesity (N = 88) self-reported their dietary restraint intention, restraint behavior, and current disinhibited eating following completion of an 8-week behavioral weight loss treatment. Greater dietary restraint intention was related to greater dietary restraint behavior, p < .05. Greater dietary restraint behavior was significantly related to greater recent weight loss, p < .05, while restraint intention was not, p > .05. Greater dietary restraint intention was related to greater current binge eating and external eating, while greater self-reported restraint behavior was related to less binge eating, p < .05. Thus, dietary restraint behavior appears to be adaptive for this population, whereas rigid dietary restraint intention may increase risk for disinhibited eating. To decrease disinhibited eating and improve weight loss outcomes in Veterans, interventions might specifically address rigid rule-following associated with abandonment of weight loss goals and help Veterans develop specific yet flexible eating plans. Future research should examine whether dietary restraint intention and behavior differentially predict disinhibited eating and weight loss outcomes prospectively.
控制饮食摄入的能力是减肥的必要技能。然而，饮食克制已被证明会在某些人群中产生矛盾的作用，增加其不受抑制的进食行为，从而对减肥产生负面影响，并导致整体健康状况恶化。本研究旨在解决文献中关于饮食克制的不同方面（意图；行为）与超重和肥胖成年人减肥和各种类型的不受抑制进食（暴食、外食、情绪化进食）之间关系的空白，这些成年人最近完成了一项减肥干预。一项针对超重和肥胖退伍军人的样本（N=88）在完成为期 8 周的行为减肥治疗后，自我报告了他们的饮食克制意图、克制行为和当前不受抑制的进食情况。更大的饮食克制意图与更大的饮食克制行为相关，p<0.05。更大的饮食克制行为与更大的近期体重减轻显著相关，p<0.05，而克制意图则没有，p>0.05。更大的饮食克制意图与当前暴食和外食有关，而更大的自我报告克制行为与较少的暴食有关，p<0.05。因此，饮食克制行为似乎对这一人群是适应性的，而严格的饮食克制意图可能会增加不受抑制进食的风险。为了减少退伍军人的不受抑制进食并改善减肥效果，干预措施可能专门针对与放弃减肥目标相关的严格规则遵循，并帮助退伍军人制定具体但灵活的饮食计划。未来的研究应该前瞻性地检查饮食克制意图和行为是否可以预测不受抑制进食和减肥效果。
