Chávez Elisa M, Hendre Amruta
Associate Professor, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of the Pacific, Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California.
Adjunct Clinical Faculty, University of the Pacific, Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California; Dentist, On Lok Lifeways, San Francisco, California.
Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2017 Oct;38(9):595-602; quiz 604.
Pathologic changes in the oral cavity can portend the presence of systemic diseases and result in poor oral health and tooth loss, which are commonly symbolic of aging. Systemic diseases can have direct and indirect effects on oral health, and, likewise, poor oral health can impact general health and wellbeing. Negligence in oral care results in the accumulation of dental plaque and calculus, which eventually contributes to the onset of dental caries, periodontal disease, halitosis, tooth loss, and, ultimately, diminished oral function. Some oral pathology also increases in prevalence in older adults. However, diminished oral health and function is not a normal result of aging. Providing appropriate oral healthcare to frail and medically compromised adults requires an interprofessional approach to address the many diseases and conditions that can impact oral health and the safe and timely provision of care. As opportunities increase for oral healthcare professionals to function as integral members of interdisciplinary teams and to practice in nontraditional and more accessible settings, clinicians may gain better understanding of the dynamic balance between oral and general health, and how the social determinants of health can be leveraged to favor both.
口腔的病理变化可能预示着全身性疾病的存在,并导致口腔健康状况不佳和牙齿脱落,而这些通常是衰老的象征。全身性疾病可对口腔健康产生直接和间接影响,同样,口腔健康不佳也会影响整体健康和幸福感。口腔护理疏忽会导致牙菌斑和牙结石的堆积,最终导致龋齿、牙周病、口臭、牙齿脱落,并最终导致口腔功能下降。一些口腔病理学在老年人中的患病率也会增加。然而,口腔健康和功能下降并非衰老的正常结果。为体弱和有医疗问题的成年人提供适当的口腔保健需要跨专业方法,以应对可能影响口腔健康以及安全及时提供护理的多种疾病和状况。随着口腔保健专业人员作为跨学科团队的重要成员发挥作用并在非传统且更易到达的环境中执业的机会增加,临床医生可能会更好地理解口腔健康与整体健康之间的动态平衡,以及如何利用健康的社会决定因素来促进两者。