Forsman Anna K, Nordmyr Johanna, Matosevic Tihana, Park A-La, Wahlbeck Kristian, McDaid David
Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies, Developmental Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.
Faculty of Education and Welfare Studies, Health Sciences, Åbo Akademi University, Vaasa, Finland.
Health Promot Int. 2018 Dec 1;33(6):1042-1054. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dax047.
This systematic review explored the effectiveness of technology-based interventions in promoting the mental health and wellbeing of people aged 65 and over. Data were collected as part of a wider review commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in England on the effectiveness of different actions to promote the mental wellbeing and independence of older people. All studies identified through this review were subject to a detailed critical appraisal of quality, looking at internal and external validity. Twenty-one papers covering evaluations of technological interventions were identified. They examined the psychosocial effects of technologies for education, exposure to, and/or training to use, computers and the internet, telephone/internet communication and computer gaming. Few studies took the form of randomized controlled trials, with little comparability in outcome measures, resulting in an inconsistent evidence base with moderate strength and quality. However, three out of six studies with high or moderate quality ratings (all focused on computer/internet training) reported statistically significant positive effects on psychosocial outcomes, including increased life satisfaction and experienced social support, as well as reduced depression levels among intervention recipients. The review results highlight the need for more methodologically rigorous studies evaluating the effects of technology-based interventions on mental wellbeing. Well-performed technology-based interventions to promote various aspects of mental wellbeing, as identified in this review, can serve as best practice examples in this emerging field.
本系统评价探讨了基于技术的干预措施在促进65岁及以上人群心理健康和幸福方面的有效性。数据收集是作为英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（NICE）委托开展的一项更广泛评价的一部分，该评价旨在评估不同行动对促进老年人心理健康和独立性的有效性。通过本次评价确定的所有研究都接受了对质量的详细严格评估，包括内部和外部效度。共确定了21篇涉及技术干预评估的论文。这些论文研究了技术在教育、接触和/或使用计算机和互联网培训、电话/互联网通信以及电脑游戏方面的心理社会影响。很少有研究采用随机对照试验的形式，结果测量的可比性较低，导致证据基础不一致，强度和质量中等。然而，六项质量评级为高或中等的研究中有三项（均侧重于计算机/互联网培训）报告称，对心理社会结果有统计学上显著的积极影响，包括提高生活满意度、感受到社会支持，以及干预接受者的抑郁水平降低。评价结果强调需要开展更多方法严谨的研究，以评估基于技术的干预措施对心理健康的影响。如本评价中所确定的，执行良好的基于技术的干预措施在促进心理健康的各个方面，可以作为这一新兴领域的最佳实践范例。
