橡子（栎属物种）作为家畜和人类油酸及生育酚的新来源：对地中海森林中选定物种的鉴别
Acorn ( spp.) as a novel source of oleic acid and tocopherols for livestock and humans: discrimination of selected species from Mediterranean forest.
作者信息
Akcan T, Gökçe R, Asensio M, Estévez M, Morcuende D
机构信息
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
SIPA, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.
出版信息
J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Sep;54(10):3050-3057. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2740-3. Epub 2017 Jun 15.
The aim of the present work was to characterization and compare acorns from selected spp. from the Mediterranean forest in Spain, namely, Portuguese oak (QF, Lam.), Cork oak (QS, L.), Pyrenean oak (QP, Wild), Kermes oak (QC, L.), Holm oak (QB, L. subsp. ballota [Desf.]). All physicochemical attributes varied significantly between species. Fat contents ranged from 1.30 to 4.70 g 100 g fresh matter. The most abundant fatty acids were oleic (62.44, 56.25, 57.46, 48.02, 65.83%), followed by linoleic (16.42, 20.73, 21.30, 25.38, 14.17%) and palmitic (11.69, 14.27, 12.17, 16.22, 12.28) acids in QF, QS, QP, QC and QB species, respectively. The tocopherol content was high in the range of 31.83-45.25 mg kg, and γ-tocopherol constituted 67-78% of total tocopherols. Only an effect of the location on γ-tocopherol content in QB was observed. The present results show the potential of different species of acorn to be used as agricultural and food resources and that geographical location plays a secondary role.
本研究的目的是对西班牙地中海森林中选定树种的橡子进行表征和比较，这些树种分别是葡萄牙栎（Quercus faginea，Lam.）、栓皮栎（Quercus suber，L.）、比利牛斯栎（Quercus pyrenaica，Wild）、胭脂虫栎（Quercus coccifera，L.）、圣栎（Quercus ilex，L. subsp. ballota [Desf.]）。所有理化属性在不同树种间差异显著。脂肪含量在每100克鲜重1.30至4.70克之间。最丰富的脂肪酸分别是油酸（在葡萄牙栎、栓皮栎、比利牛斯栎、胭脂虫栎和圣栎中分别为62.44%、56.25%、57.46%、48.02%、65.83%），其次是亚油酸（分别为16.42%、20.73%、21.30%、25.38%、14.17%）和棕榈酸（分别为11.69 %、14.27%、12.17%、16.22%、12.28%）。生育酚含量较高，在31.83 - 45.25毫克/千克范围内，γ-生育酚占总生育酚的67 - 78%。仅观察到地理位置对圣栎中γ-生育酚含量有影响。目前的结果表明不同种类的橡子有潜力用作农业和食品资源，且地理位置起次要作用。
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