Kikushige Yoshikane, Miyamoto Toshihiro, Akashi Koichi
Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Science.
Rinsho Ketsueki. 2017;58(10):1838-1843. doi: 10.11406/rinketsu.58.1838.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the potential to self-renew and differentiate into multi-lineage mature hematopoietic cells; thus, these cells can maintain hematopoiesis. Human HSCs reside within the CD34CD38 cell fractions. Similarly, in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a small number of leukemic cells, called leukemic stem cells (LSCs), can be enriched within the identical CD34CD38 cell fractions. LSCs can self-renew and produce clonogenic leukemic cells, whereas non-LSCs lack the potential to self-renew or maintain leukemia; thus, AML is organized as a hierarchy that originated from LSCs. LSCs play a central role in the maintenance and progression of leukemia; therefore, these cells should be an ultimate target for the eradication of human AML. Previous studies have revealed specific molecular machineries essential for LSCs. Targeting LSC-specific molecules should be a good therapeutic approach to kill LSCs without affecting normal cells. In this review, we would like to introduce the recent progress in the LSC study.
造血干细胞（HSCs）具有自我更新和分化为多谱系成熟造血细胞的潜力；因此，这些细胞能够维持造血功能。人类造血干细胞存在于CD34⁺CD38⁻细胞亚群中。同样，在急性髓系白血病（AML）中，一小部分白血病细胞，即白血病干细胞（LSCs），也可以在相同的CD34⁺CD38⁻细胞亚群中富集。白血病干细胞能够自我更新并产生克隆性白血病细胞，而非白血病干细胞则缺乏自我更新或维持白血病的能力；因此，急性髓系白血病是由白血病干细胞起源的层级结构。白血病干细胞在白血病的维持和进展中起着核心作用；因此，这些细胞应该是根除人类急性髓系白血病的最终靶点。先前的研究已经揭示了白血病干细胞所必需的特定分子机制。靶向白血病干细胞特异性分子应该是一种在不影响正常细胞的情况下杀死白血病干细胞的良好治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍白血病干细胞研究的最新进展。
