College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Engineering Center of State Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2018 Jul;184(1):136-147. doi: 10.1007/s12011-017-1166-0. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
To evaluate and compare the effect of raw and processed pyritum on tibial defect healing, 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. After tibial defect, animals were produced and grouped: sham and control group were orally administrated with distilled water (1 mL/100 g), while treatment groups were given aqueous extracts of raw and processed pyritum (1.5 g/kg) for successive 42 days. Radiographic examination showed that bone defect healing effect of the treatment groups was obviously superior compared to that of the control group. Bone mineral density of whole tibia was increased significantly after treating with pyritum. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry showed that the contents of Ca, P, and Mg in callus significantly increased in the treatment groups comparing with the control. Moreover, serological analysis showed that the concentration of serum phosphorus of the treatment groups significantly increased compared with that of the control group. By in vitro study, we have evaluated the effects of drug-containing serum of raw and processed pyritum on osteoblasts. It was manifested that both the drug-containing sera of raw and processed pyritum significantly increased the mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase and collagen type I. Protein levels of phosphorylated Smad2/3 also increased. The mRNA levels of osteocalcin and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) type I and II receptors, as well as the protein levels of TGF-β1 in the processed groups, were higher than those in the control. In summary, both raw and processed pyritum-containing sera exhibited positive effects on osteoblasts, which maybe via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Notably, the tibia defect healing effect of pyritum was significantly enhanced after processing.
为了评价和比较生、煅自然铜对胫骨缺损愈合的影响，将 32 只雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠随机分为四组。胫骨缺损后，动物产生并分组：假手术和对照组口服蒸馏水（1mL/100g），而治疗组给予生、煅自然铜的水提取物（1.5g/kg）连续 42 天。放射学检查显示，治疗组的骨缺损愈合效果明显优于对照组。煅自然铜处理后整个胫骨的骨密度明显增加。电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法显示，与对照组相比，治疗组骨痂中 Ca、P 和 Mg 的含量明显增加。此外，血清分析表明，与对照组相比，治疗组血清磷浓度显著升高。通过体外研究，我们评估了生、煅自然铜含药血清对成骨细胞的影响。结果表明，生、煅自然铜的含药血清均显著增加碱性磷酸酶和胶原 I 的 mRNA 水平。磷酸化 Smad2/3 的蛋白水平也增加。煅自然铜组的骨钙素和转化生长因子β（TGF-β）I 型和 II 型受体的 mRNA 水平以及 TGF-β1 的蛋白水平均高于对照组。总之，生、煅自然铜含药血清对成骨细胞均表现出正向作用，可能通过 TGF-β1/Smad 信号通路。值得注意的是，煅自然铜处理后，自然铜的胫骨缺损愈合效果显著增强。
