JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and University of Colorado Boulder, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, 390 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Science. 2017 Oct 6;358(6359):90-94. doi: 10.1126/science.aam5538.
Strontium optical lattice clocks have the potential to simultaneously interrogate millions of atoms with a high spectroscopic quality factor of 4 × 10 Previously, atomic interactions have forced a compromise between clock stability, which benefits from a large number of atoms, and accuracy, which suffers from density-dependent frequency shifts. Here we demonstrate a scalable solution that takes advantage of the high, correlated density of a degenerate Fermi gas in a three-dimensional (3D) optical lattice to guard against on-site interaction shifts. We show that contact interactions are resolved so that their contribution to clock shifts is orders of magnitude lower than in previous experiments. A synchronous clock comparison between two regions of the 3D lattice yields a measurement precision of 5 × 10 in 1 hour of averaging time.
锶光学晶格钟有可能同时探测数百万个原子，具有 4×10 的高光谱质量因数。在此之前，原子相互作用迫使人们在时钟稳定性（从大量原子中受益）和准确性（因密度相关的频率移动而受到影响）之间做出妥协。在这里，我们展示了一种可扩展的解决方案，利用三维（3D）光学晶格中简并费米气体的高密度来防止局域相互作用移动。我们表明，接触相互作用可以得到解决，以至于它们对时钟移动的贡献比以前的实验低几个数量级。在 3D 晶格的两个区域之间进行同步时钟比较，在 1 小时的平均时间内可达到 5×10 的测量精度。
