Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing, China.
Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Sep 21;7:409. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00409. eCollection 2017.
High-throughput sequencing has helped to reveal the close relationship between and periodontal disease, but the roles of subspecies diversity and genomic variation within this genus in periodontal diseases still need to be investigated. We performed a comparative genome analysis of 48 and isolates that from the same cohort of subjects to identify the main drivers of their pathogenicity and adaptation to different environments. The comparisons were done between two species and between disease and health based on pooled sequences. The results showed that both and have highly dynamic genomes and can take up various exogenous factors through horizontal gene transfer. The major differences between disease-derived and health-derived samples of and were factors related to genome modification and recombination, indicating that the isolates from disease sites may be more capable of genomic reconstruction. We also identified genetic elements specific to each sample, and found that disease groups had more unique virulence factors related to capsule and lipopolysaccharide synthesis, secretion systems, proteinases, and toxins, suggesting that strains from disease sites may have more specific virulence, particularly for . The differentially represented pathways between samples from disease and health were related to energy metabolism, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, consistent with data from the whole subgingival microbiome in periodontal disease and health. Disease-derived samples had gained or lost several metabolic genes compared to healthy-derived samples, which could be linked with the difference in virulence performance between diseased and healthy sample groups. Our findings suggest that and may serve as "crucial substances" in subgingival plaque, which may reflect changes in microbial and environmental dynamics in subgingival microbial ecosystems. This provides insight into the potential of and as new predictive biomarkers and targets for effective interventions in periodontal disease.
高通量测序技术有助于揭示 与牙周病之间的密切关系，但该属内亚种多样性和基因组变异在牙周病中的作用仍有待研究。我们对来自同一队列的 48 株 和 进行了比较基因组分析，以确定其致病性和适应不同环境的主要驱动因素。基于 pooled sequences 对两种物种以及疾病和健康状态进行了比较。结果表明， 和 都具有高度动态的基因组，可以通过水平基因转移摄取各种外源因素。 与健康样本的主要区别在于与基因组修饰和重组相关的因素，表明来自疾病部位的 分离株可能更有能力进行基因组重建。我们还鉴定了每个样本特有的遗传元件，发现疾病组具有更多与荚膜和脂多糖合成、分泌系统、蛋白酶和毒素相关的独特毒力因子，表明来自疾病部位的菌株可能具有更特定的毒力，特别是针对 。疾病和健康样本之间差异表达的途径与能量代谢、碳水化合物和脂质代谢以及氨基酸代谢有关，这与牙周病和健康的整个龈下微生物组数据一致。与健康样本相比，疾病样本获得或失去了几个代谢基因，这可能与疾病和健康样本组之间的毒力表现差异有关。我们的研究结果表明， 和 可能作为龈下菌斑中的“关键物质”，反映龈下微生物生态系统中微生物和环境动态的变化。这为 将 作为牙周病新的预测生物标志物和有效干预靶点提供了新的见解。
