Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Neurochemistry Laboratory and Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;60(3):1119-1128. doi: 10.3233/JAD-160766.
Performance on episodic, semantic, and working memory tests is impaired in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-type dementia, but it is unclear which type of memory test is most strongly associated with early AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and most useful for monitoring disease progression.
To examine the association between amyloid-β 1-42 (Aβ42) and tau in CSF with performance on different memory domains at baseline, and how these CSF markers are related with memory decline.
We included 263 individuals with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, AD-type dementia, and non-AD dementia from the European EDAR study. Assessment included CSF Aβ42 and t-tau analyses with INNO-BIA AlzBio3 Luminex assay, the CERAD wordlist learning and delayed recall, animal fluency test, and the CANTAB Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory tasks. Follow-up assessments were performed within 3 years after baseline.
At baseline, decreased CSF Aβ42 correlated most strongly with the PAL total errors adjusted and the wordlist delayed recall and increased CSF t-tau with the wordlist delayed recall. Over time, decreased CSF Aβ42 was associated with decline on the wordlist learning, whereas increased CSF t-tau were associated with decline in scores on the wordlist learning, wordlist delayed recall, and animal fluency. Associations were independent of baseline diagnosis.
Tests assessing episodic verbal and visuospatial memory are most useful for detection of AD pathology. Tests for episodic verbal memory and semantic memory are most useful for tracking memory decline.
在阿尔茨海默病（AD）型痴呆中，情景、语义和工作记忆测试的表现受损，但尚不清楚哪种记忆测试与脑脊液（CSF）中的早期 AD 生物标志物关联最强，以及最有助于监测疾病进展。
检查基线时 CSF 中β淀粉样蛋白 1-42（Aβ42）和 tau 与不同记忆域表现之间的关联，以及这些 CSF 标志物与记忆下降的关系。
我们纳入了来自欧洲 EDAR 研究的 263 名认知正常、轻度认知障碍、AD 型痴呆和非 AD 痴呆患者。评估包括 CSF Aβ42 和 t-tau 分析，采用 INNO-BIA AlzBio3 Luminex 测定法，CERAD 单词列表学习和延迟回忆，动物流畅性测试，以及 CANTAB 配对联想学习（PAL）和空间工作记忆任务。在基线后 3 年内进行随访评估。
基线时，CSF Aβ42 降低与 PAL 总错误调整和单词列表延迟回忆相关性最强，CSF t-tau 升高与单词列表延迟回忆相关性最强。随着时间的推移，CSF Aβ42 降低与单词列表学习的下降相关，而 CSF t-tau 增加与单词列表学习、单词列表延迟回忆和动物流畅性的下降相关。这些关联独立于基线诊断。
评估情景性言语和视空间记忆的测试最有助于检测 AD 病理。评估情景性言语记忆和语义记忆的测试最有助于跟踪记忆下降。
