Schroeder Jan, Hollander Karsten
Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Germany.
Gait Posture. 2018 Jan;59:53-57. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.09.034. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
There is still conflicting evidence about the effect of high-heeled footwear on posture, especially if methodological confounders are taken into account. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of high-heeled footwear on lumbopelvic parameters in experienced younger and middle-aged women while standing and walking. Thirty-seven experienced younger (n=19:18-25 years) and middle-aged (n=18:26-56 years) women were included in this randomized crossover study. Using a non-invasive back shape reconstruction device (rasterstereography), static (pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis angle) and dynamic (pelvic rotation, median lumbar lordosis angle and range of motion) parameters representing pelvis position and lumbar curvature were measured. In order to analyse standing and walking on a treadmill (0.83m/s), the effects of high-heels (7-11cm) were compared to standard control shoes. There were no effects on the lumbar lordosis angle or range of motion under static or dynamic conditions (p>0.05, d≤0.06). But there was a small effect for a reduced pelvic tilt (p=0.003, d=0.24) and a moderate effect for an increased transversal pelvic rotation (p=0.001, d=0.63) due to high heel shoed standing or walking, respectively. There were no significant age-group or interaction effects (p>0.05). Altered pelvic parameters may be interpreted as compensatory adaptations to high-heeled footwear rather than lumbar lordosis adaptations in experienced wearers. The impact of these findings on back complaints should be revisited carefully, because muscular overuse as well as postural load relieving may contribute to chronic consequences. Further research is necessary to examine clinically relevant outcomes corresponding to postural alterations.
高跟鞋对姿势的影响仍存在相互矛盾的证据，尤其是在考虑方法学混杂因素的情况下。本研究的目的是调查高跟鞋对有经验的年轻和中年女性站立和行走时腰骨盆参数的影响。37名有经验的年轻女性（n = 19，年龄18 - 25岁）和中年女性（n = 18，年龄26 - 56岁）被纳入这项随机交叉研究。使用非侵入性背部形状重建设备（光栅立体摄影术），测量代表骨盆位置和腰椎曲度的静态（骨盆倾斜度和腰椎前凸角度）和动态（骨盆旋转、腰椎前凸角度中位数和运动范围）参数。为了分析在跑步机上（0.83米/秒）站立和行走的情况，将高跟鞋（7 - 11厘米）的影响与标准对照鞋进行了比较。在静态或动态条件下，对腰椎前凸角度或运动范围没有影响（p>0.05，d≤0.06）。但是，由于穿高跟鞋站立或行走，分别对骨盆倾斜度减小有较小影响（p = 0.003，d = 0.24），对横向骨盆旋转增加有中等影响（p = 0.001，d = 0.63）。没有显著的年龄组或交互作用影响（p>0.05）。骨盆参数的改变可能被解释为对高跟鞋的代偿性适应，而不是有经验的穿着者对腰椎前凸的适应。这些发现对背部疼痛的影响应仔细重新审视，因为肌肉过度使用以及姿势负荷减轻可能会导致慢性后果。有必要进行进一步的研究，以检查与姿势改变相对应的临床相关结果。
