Mitani Naoya, Mougi Akihiko
Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Sep 27;4(9):170536. doi: 10.1098/rsos.170536. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Cyclic dynamics of populations are outstanding and widespread phenomena across many taxa. Previous theoretical studies have mainly focused on the consumer-resource interaction as the driving force for such cycling. However, natural ecosystems comprise diverse types of species interactions, but their roles in population dynamics remains unclear. Here, using a four-species hybrid module with antagonistic, mutualistic and competitive interactions, we analytically showed that the system with major interaction types can drive population cycles. Stronger interactions easily cause cycling, and even when sub-modules with possible combinations of two interactions are stabilized by weak interactions, the system with all interaction types can cause unstable population oscillations. Diversity of interaction types allows to add mutualists to the list of drivers of oscillations in a focal species' population size, when they act in conjunction to other drivers.
种群的周期性动态是许多生物分类群中显著且普遍存在的现象。以往的理论研究主要聚焦于消费者 - 资源相互作用，将其作为这种周期性变化的驱动力。然而，自然生态系统包含多种类型的物种相互作用，但其在种群动态中的作用仍不明确。在此，我们使用一个具有拮抗、互利和竞争相互作用的四物种混合模块，通过分析表明，具有主要相互作用类型的系统能够驱动种群周期。更强的相互作用容易引发周期性变化，而且即使由弱相互作用稳定了具有两种相互作用可能组合的子模块，具有所有相互作用类型的系统仍会导致不稳定的种群振荡。当相互作用类型的多样性与其他驱动因素共同作用时，能够将互利共生者添加到焦点物种种群大小振荡驱动因素的列表中。
