Li Qian, Lin Xueying, Shao Yuhong, Xiang Feixiang, Samir Anthony E
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, White 270, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Department of Ultrasound, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, 29 Xinquan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2017 Nov;55(6):1261-1271. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2017.06.002.
Ultrasound is the first-line diagnostic tool for diagnosis of thyroid diseases. The low aggressiveness of many thyroid cancers coupled with high sensitivity of sonography can lead to cancer diagnosis and treatment with no effect on outcomes. Ultrasound is recognized as the most important driver of thyroid cancer overdiagnosis. Ultrasound should not be used as a general screening tool and should be reserved for patients at high risk of thyroid cancer and in the diagnostic management of incidentally discovered thyroid nodules. With prescreening risk stratification and application of consensus criteria for nodule biopsy, the value of the diagnostic ultrasound can be maximized.
超声是诊断甲状腺疾病的一线诊断工具。许多甲状腺癌的侵袭性较低，加上超声检查的高敏感性，可能导致癌症的诊断和治疗，但对治疗结果没有影响。超声被认为是甲状腺癌过度诊断的最重要驱动因素。超声不应作为一般筛查工具，而应保留用于甲状腺癌高危患者以及偶然发现的甲状腺结节的诊断管理。通过预筛查风险分层和应用结节活检的共识标准，可以最大限度地提高诊断性超声的价值。
