Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
J Exp Bot. 2018 Feb 12;69(4):845-853. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erx235.
Senescence is an age-dependent process, ultimately leading to plant death, that in annual crop plants overlaps with the reproductive stage of development. Research on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of leaf senescence has revealed a multi-layered regulatory network operating to control age-dependent processes. Abiotic stress-induced senescence challenges source-sink relationships and results in significant reduction in crop yields. Although processes associated with plant senescence are well studied, the mechanisms regulating stress-induced senescence are not well known. Here, we discuss the effects of abiotic stress on crop productivity, mechanisms associated with stress-induced senescence, and the possible use of these mechanisms for the generation of plant stress tolerance. We emphasize the involvement of source strength and stability of the photosynthetic apparatus in this process, and suggest a possible role of a perennial plant life strategy for the amelioration of stress-induced senescence.
衰老是一个与年龄相关的过程，最终导致植物死亡，而在一年生作物中，衰老与生殖阶段的发育重叠。对叶片衰老的分子和生化机制的研究揭示了一个多层次的调控网络，用于控制与年龄相关的过程。非生物胁迫诱导的衰老挑战源-库关系，导致作物产量显著减少。尽管与植物衰老相关的过程已经得到很好的研究，但调节胁迫诱导衰老的机制还不是很清楚。在这里，我们讨论了非生物胁迫对作物生产力的影响、与胁迫诱导衰老相关的机制，以及这些机制在植物抗胁迫方面的可能应用。我们强调了源强度和光合作用器官稳定性在这个过程中的作用，并提出了多年生植物生活策略在缓解胁迫诱导衰老方面的可能作用。
