Larionova N V, Lukashenko S N, Kabdyrakova A M, Kunduzbayeva A Ye, Panitskiy A V, Ivanova A R
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, NNC, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan.
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, NNC, Kurchatov, Kazakhstan.
J Environ Radioact. 2018 Jun;186:63-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.09.006. Epub 2017 Oct 6.
A systematic study devoted to Cs, Sr, Am, Pu radionuclides in vegetation cover from several spots of the Semipalatinsk test site (STS) is summarised in this paper, highlighting the main findings obtained. The analysed spots are characterized by various types of radioactive contamination. Transfer factors (Tf) required for the quantitative description of the radionuclides transition from the soil to aboveground plant parts were determined, being found that, on average, the minimum Tf for all the radionuclides concerned were determined on the "Experimental Field" ground, followed by the determined ones in the "plumes" of radioactive fallout and in the conditionally "background" territories analysed. The highest transfer factors were characteristic of zones of radioactive streamflows and places of warfare radioactive agent (WRA) tests. On the other hand, ordering the radionuclide transferring factors in descending order, the following sequence was obtained: Sr Tf > Cs Tf > Pu Tf > Am Tf, with the Sr Tf, on the average, exceeding the Cs Tf by 8 times and exceeding the Pu Tf by up 16 times. Pu Tf values were up to 3 times higher than the Am Tf. The exception to the indicated radionuclide Tf descending order corresponded to places of WRA tests where Tf of radionuclides of interest by plants follows the sequence Sr > Pu > Cs.
本文总结了一项针对来自塞米巴拉金斯克试验场（STS）多个地点植被覆盖中的铯、锶、镅、钚放射性核素的系统研究，重点介绍了所获得的主要发现。所分析的地点具有各种类型的放射性污染特征。确定了用于定量描述放射性核素从土壤转移到地上植物部分所需的转移因子（Tf），结果发现，平均而言，所有相关放射性核素的最小Tf是在“试验田”地面上测定的，其次是在放射性沉降“羽状物”以及所分析的条件性“背景”区域中测定的。最高的转移因子是放射性径流区域和战时放射性剂（WRA）试验地点的特征。另一方面，将放射性核素转移因子按降序排列，得到以下顺序：锶Tf＞铯Tf＞钚Tf＞镅Tf，平均而言，锶Tf比铯Tf高8倍，比钚Tf高16倍。钚Tf值比镅Tf高3倍。上述放射性核素Tf降序的例外情况对应于WRA试验地点，在这些地点，植物对相关放射性核素的Tf顺序为锶＞钚＞铯。
