Arnedo-Pena Alberto, Vivas-Fornas Iraya, Meseguer-Ferrer Noemi, Tirado-Balaguer María Dolores, Yagüe-Muñoz Alberto, Herrera-León Silvia, Sabater-Vidal Susana, Romeu-García María Ángeles, Vizcaino Batllés Ana, Bellido-Blasco Juan Bautista, Moreno-Muñoz Rosario
Epidemiology Division, Public Health Center, Castellon, Spain; Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER-Salud Pública Epidemiología, Barcelona, Spain.
Service of Surgery, Hospital General de Castellón, Castellón, Spain.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed). 2018 Oct;36(8):478-483. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2017.08.008. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
Salmonella infections (SI) are common in Spain. The aim of this study was to appraise risk factors and the clinical characteristics of sporadic Salmonella Typhimurium infections compared with other sporadic salmonella serotype infections (OSI).
From September 2014 to August 2015, a case-case study was carried out by the Epidemiology Division of the Public Health Centre of Castellon. Case 1 consisted of patients with sporadic S. Typhimurium infections, while case 2 comprised OSI patients, assessed according to the stool cultures analyzed by the Microbiology Laboratories of Hospital General de Castellon and Hospital de La Plana in Vila-real. Patients from detected outbreaks were not included. The salmonella serotype was identified by the National Centre of Microbiology (Madrid).
The total number of SI patients reported was 327, 242 of whom were studied (74.0%). 148 patients had sporadic S. Typhimurium infection and 64 had OSI, with median ages of 4 and 8.5 years, respectively. Sporadic S. Typhimurium infection patients presented more blood in feces and diarrhea episodes. Consumption of pork meat (OR=2.22; 95% CI 1.12-4.43), cold pork meats (OR=2.49; 95% CI 1.32-4.68) and playing in the dirt (OR=3.02; 95% CI 1.55-5.88), were associated with sporadic S. Typhimurium infection. In the 0-4 year-old group, the associated factors were consumption of cold pork meats, omelets and female gender. In the 5-year-old and over group, only playing in soil was associated with sporadic S. Typhimurium infection.
The consumption of pork and omelets, as well as playing in the dirt, were the main factors associated with infection. Children were most affected by sporadic S. Typhimurium infection.
沙门氏菌感染（SI）在西班牙很常见。本研究的目的是评估散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染与其他散发性沙门氏菌血清型感染（OSI）相比的危险因素和临床特征。
2014年9月至2015年8月，卡斯特利翁公共卫生中心的流行病学部门开展了一项病例对照研究。病例1为散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染患者，病例2为OSI患者，根据卡斯特利翁总医院和比利亚雷亚尔普拉纳医院微生物实验室分析的粪便培养结果进行评估。检测到的暴发疫情中的患者不包括在内。沙门氏菌血清型由国家微生物中心（马德里）鉴定。
报告的SI患者总数为327例，其中242例接受了研究（74.0%）。148例患者为散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染，64例为OSI，中位年龄分别为4岁和8.5岁。散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染患者的粪便中出现血液和腹泻发作的情况更多。食用猪肉（比值比[OR]=2.22；95%置信区间[CI]1.12 - 4.43）、冷猪肉（OR=2.49；95%CI 1.32 - 4.68）和在泥土中玩耍（OR=3.02；95%CI 1.55 - 5.88）与散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染相关。在0至4岁年龄组中，相关因素为食用冷猪肉、煎蛋卷和女性性别。在5岁及以上年龄组中，仅在泥土中玩耍与散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染相关。
食用猪肉和煎蛋卷以及在泥土中玩耍是与感染相关的主要因素。儿童受散发性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染的影响最大。
