Lader M
Institute of Psychiatry, Denmark Hill, London, U.K.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1988 Apr;29(4):797-8. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(88)90209-2.
Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics can be conveniently divided into those which are not primarily used as anxiolytics, those which pharmacologically but not chemically resemble benzodiazepines, and those which are novel both chemically and pharmacologically. The former include antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, antihistamines and beta-adrenergic antagonists. The second group comprises a variety of compounds which act on the benzodiazepine/GABA complex and include alpidem and zuriclone. The most important of the non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics is buspirone, which seems to act on 5-HT mechanisms. The field of anxiolytic therapy is changing rapidly. New drugs are being introduced and the use of old ones questioned. It is hoped that drugs will be developed which are not only effective and safe with no sedation, but also with little or no propensity to dependence and abuse.
非苯二氮䓬类抗焦虑药可方便地分为以下几类:并非主要用作抗焦虑药的药物;在药理作用上但并非化学结构上与苯二氮䓬类相似的药物;以及在化学结构和药理作用上均为新型的药物。前者包括抗抑郁药、抗精神病药、抗组胺药和β-肾上腺素能拮抗剂。第二类包括多种作用于苯二氮䓬/γ-氨基丁酸复合物的化合物,包括阿吡坦和佐匹克隆。最重要的非苯二氮䓬类抗焦虑药是丁螺环酮,它似乎作用于5-羟色胺机制。抗焦虑治疗领域正在迅速变化。新药不断推出,旧药的使用也受到质疑。人们希望开发出不仅有效、安全且无镇静作用,而且很少或没有依赖性和滥用倾向的药物。