Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Ecochemistry, Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281 S12, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Feb 15;615:849-856. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.285. Epub 2017 Oct 17.
Elevated platinum (Pt) concentrations are found in road dust as a result of emissions from catalytic converters in vehicles. This study investigates the occurrence of Pt in road dust collected in Ghent (Belgium) and Gothenburg (Sweden). Total Pt contents, determined by tandem ICP-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS), were in the range of 5 to 79ngg, comparable to the Pt content in road dust of other medium-sized cities. Further sample characterization was performed by single particle (sp) ICP-MS following an ultrasonic extraction procedure using stormwater runoff for leaching. The method was found to be suitable for the characterization of Pt nanoparticles in road dust leachates. The extraction was optimized using road dust reference material BCR-723, for which an extraction efficiency of 2.7% was obtained by applying 144kJ of ultrasonic energy. Using this method, between 0.2% and 18% of the Pt present was extracted from road dust samples. spICP-MS analysis revealed that Pt in the leachate is entirely present as nanoparticles of sizes between 9 and 21nm. Although representing only a minor fraction of the total content in road dust, the nanoparticulate Pt leachate is most susceptible to biological uptake and hence most relevant in terms of bioavailability.
道路尘埃中的铂（Pt）浓度升高是由于车辆催化转化器排放所致。本研究调查了在根特（比利时）和哥德堡（瑞典）收集的道路尘埃中 Pt 的存在情况。通过串联电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS/MS）测定的总 Pt 含量范围为 5 至 79ngg，与其他中等城市道路尘埃中的 Pt 含量相当。进一步的样品特征描述是通过超声提取程序使用雨水进行浸出，对单颗粒（sp）ICP-MS 进行的。该方法适用于道路尘埃浸出物中 Pt 纳米粒子的特征描述。使用道路尘埃参考物质 BCR-723 对提取进行了优化，通过施加 144kJ 的超声能量，获得了 2.7%的提取效率。使用该方法，从道路尘埃样品中提取了 0.2%至 18%的 Pt。spICP-MS 分析表明，浸出液中的 Pt 完全以 9 至 21nm 之间的纳米粒子形式存在。尽管仅占道路尘埃总含量的一小部分，但纳米颗粒状 Pt 浸出物最容易被生物吸收，因此在生物可利用性方面最为相关。
