Moreno Gabriel, Prieto Maria, Esteve-Raventós Fernando, Olariaga Ibai
a Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Botánica), Facultad de Biología , Universidad de Alcalá , E-28805 Alcalá de Henares , Madrid , Spain.
b Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación , Universidad Rey Juan Carlos , C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles , Madrid , Spain.
Mycologia. 2017 Jul-Aug;109(4):578-587. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1377586. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Cyphelloid fungi represent a polyphyletic assemblage of reduced agarics, including the brown-spored family Chromocyphellaceae. In order to elucidate the phylogenetic position of Chromocyphellaceae, newly generated sequences of Chromocyphella were included in a multigene alignment of the Agaricineae and phylogenetically analyzed. The current analyses show that the Chromocyphella muscicola specimen used to phylogenetically place Chromocyphellaceae in its original description was misidentified and that the Chromocyphellaceae nests in the Hymenogastraceae, Chromocyphella being sister to Flammula. Chromocyphella is emended, including now a new species with lamellate and stipitate basidiomata, C. lamellata. The name Cymbella crouanii, type species of Chromocyphella, is lecto- and epitypified. Our analyses support a new origin of cyphelloid fungi. The shift to a cyphelloid basidioma from an agaric ancestor is suggested to have occurred in two evolutionary steps in Chromocyphella, an initial reduction in basidioma size and a subsequent loss of lamellae and stipe.
杯状真菌是一类由退化的伞菌组成的多系类群，包括褐孢杯状真菌科。为了阐明褐孢杯状真菌科的系统发育位置，新生成的杯状真菌属序列被纳入伞菌亚科的多基因比对中，并进行了系统发育分析。目前的分析表明，在其原始描述中用于将褐孢杯状真菌科进行系统发育定位的杯状栖居真菌标本被错误鉴定，并且褐孢杯状真菌科嵌套在蜡伞科中，杯状真菌属与火焰菌属为姐妹关系。对杯状真菌属进行了修订，现在包括一个具有片状和具柄担子果的新物种，即片状杯状真菌。杯状真菌属的模式种克劳尼舟形藻的名称被选定为选模式和后选模式。我们的分析支持杯状真菌有一个新的起源。从伞菌祖先向杯状担子果的转变被认为在杯状真菌属中发生了两个进化步骤，首先是担子果大小的初步减小，随后是菌褶和菌柄的消失。
