Paggeot Amy, Nelson Sharon, Huprich Steven
John D. Dingell VA Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
Psychopathology. 2017;50(5):304-320. doi: 10.1159/000479284. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
The role of theoretical orientation in determining preference for different methods of diagnosis has been largely unexplored. The goal of the present study was to explore ratings of the usefulness of 4 diagnostic methods after applying them to a patient: prototype ratings derived from the SWAP-II, the DSM-5 Section III specific personality disorders, the DSM-5 Section III trait model, and prototype ratings derived from the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual (PDM). Three hundred and twenty-nine trainees in APA-accredited doctoral programs and internships rated one of their current patients with each of the 4 diagnostic methods. Individuals who classified their theoretical orientation as "cognitive- behavioral" displayed a significantly greater preference for the proposed DSM-5 personality disorder prototypes when compared to individuals who classified their orientation as "psychodynamic/psychoanalytic," while individuals who considered themselves psychodynamic or psychoanalytic rated the PDM as significantly more useful than those who considered themselves cognitive-behavioral. Individuals who classified their graduate program as a PsyD program were also more likely to rate the DSM-5 Section III and PDM models as more useful diagnostic methods than individuals who classified their graduate program as a PhD program. Implications and future directions will be discussed.
理论取向在决定对不同诊断方法的偏好方面所起的作用在很大程度上尚未得到探索。本研究的目的是在将四种诊断方法应用于一名患者后，探讨对这四种诊断方法有用性的评分：源自SWAP-II的原型评分、《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM-5）第三部分的特定人格障碍、DSM-5第三部分的特质模型以及源自《精神动力诊断手册》（PDM）的原型评分。329名参加美国心理学会认可的博士项目和实习项目的学员，用这四种诊断方法对他们目前的一名患者进行了评分。将自己的理论取向归类为“认知行为”的个体，与将自己的取向归类为“精神动力/精神分析”的个体相比，对提议的DSM-5人格障碍原型表现出明显更大的偏好，而认为自己是精神动力或精神分析取向的个体认为PDM比认为自己是认知行为取向的个体更有用。将自己的研究生项目归类为心理学博士（PsyD）项目的个体，也比将自己的研究生项目归类为哲学博士（PhD）项目的个体更有可能将DSM-5第三部分和PDM模型评为更有用的诊断方法。将讨论其意义和未来方向。
