Hullah Esther A, Escudier Michael P
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Oral Medicine, London, UK.
Prim Dent J. 2016 Feb 1;5(1):80-85. doi: 10.1177/205016841600500111.
Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a condition manifesting clinically with chronic swelling of the mouth and/or face, notably with swelling of the lips and oral mucosa, a full-thickness, erythematous gingivitis and mucosal ulceration of various clinical types. Some patients may also present with neurological findings, for example facial palsy. Biopsy of affected tissue shows lymphoedema, with or without granulomatous inflammation. The oral lesions in OFG are histologically indistinguishable from the oral lesions in Crohn's disease (CD) and other systemic granulomatous disorders. It is a condition which may respond to the exclusion of certain food-related chemicals from the diet in up to 60% of patients and, as such, is distinct from gastrointestinal CD. CD is a relapsing systemic inflammatory disease which predominantly affects the gut, and patients suffering from this disease frequently present with abdominal pain, fever and altered bowel habit. A proportion of patients with clinical OFG (without other systemic disease) may have asymptomatic gastrointestinal involvement or go on to develop gut CD suggesting an association between the two diseases. It is estimated that 1% of CD sufferers may have a diagnosis of OFG, but the majority of patients in specialist OFG clinics do not have gut symptoms.
口面部肉芽肿病（OFG）是一种临床表现为口腔和/或面部慢性肿胀的疾病，尤其表现为嘴唇和口腔黏膜肿胀、全层红斑性牙龈炎以及各种临床类型的黏膜溃疡。一些患者还可能出现神经学表现，例如面神经麻痹。对受影响组织进行活检显示存在淋巴水肿，伴有或不伴有肉芽肿性炎症。OFG的口腔病变在组织学上与克罗恩病（CD）及其他系统性肉芽肿性疾病的口腔病变无法区分。这种疾病在高达60%的患者中可能通过从饮食中排除某些与食物相关的化学物质而得到缓解，因此，它与胃肠道CD不同。CD是一种复发性系统性炎症性疾病，主要影响肠道，患有这种疾病的患者经常出现腹痛、发热和排便习惯改变。一部分临床诊断为OFG（无其他系统性疾病）的患者可能有无症状的胃肠道受累，或继而发展为肠道CD，提示这两种疾病之间存在关联。据估计，1%的CD患者可能被诊断为OFG，但在OFG专科诊所的大多数患者没有肠道症状。
