FOODplus Research Centre, Department of Food and Wine Science, School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Australia.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2018 Dec;139:49-54. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.09.013. Epub 2017 Sep 22.
Animal studies have suggested that an increased supply of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), in particular docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), during the perinatal period can prevent later excess body fat mass. However, previous human studies have produced inconsistent findings, and few have assessed potential effects beyond 6 years of age.
To evaluate the effect of supplementing women in the second half of pregnancy with omega-3 LCPUFA, chiefly as DHA, on the percentage body fat of children at 7 years of age, as assessed by two methods: air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD) and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS).
A time-restricted follow up at 7 years of age of children born to mothers enrolled in DOMInO (DHA to Optimise Maternal Infant Outcome) randomized controlled trial, in which women took either high-DHA tuna oil (800mg/day DHA) or placebo capsules from 20 weeks' gestation to delivery, at Adelaide-based centers. Primary outcomes were the percentage body fat at 7 years of age as assessed by both BOD POD and BIS. Weight, height, waist/hip circumferences and BMI were also recorded.
A total of 252 DOMInO children (n=135 males, n=117 females) completed the follow up study. There were no differences between the DHA and placebo groups in percentage body fat as assessed by either BOD POD [adjusted mean difference: -0.35, 95% CI: -1.46, 2.16; P=0.71] or BIS [adjusted mean difference: 0.64, 95% CI: -0.99, 2.27; P=0.44]. BMI z-scores were also similar between groups [adjusted mean difference: 0.18, 95% CI: -0.10, 0.45; P=0.21]. There were also no differences in height, weight or waist and hip circumference between the DHA and placebo groups at 7 years of age.
DHA supplementation in the second half of pregnancy has no effect on childhood growth or fat mass at 7 years of age, supporting findings from follow ups of the DOMInO children at 3 and 5 years.
动物研究表明，在围产期增加 ω-3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）的供应，特别是二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），可以预防后期体脂肪过多。然而，先前的人体研究结果不一致，很少有研究评估超过 6 岁时的潜在影响。
评估在妊娠后半期补充 ω-3 LCPUFA，主要是 DHA，对 7 岁儿童体脂肪百分比的影响，通过两种方法评估：空气置换体描记法（BOD POD）和生物电阻抗谱法（BIS）。
对在阿德莱德中心参加 DOMInO（DHA 优化母婴结局）随机对照试验的母亲所生的儿童进行的 7 岁时时间限制随访，其中妇女从 20 周妊娠到分娩时每天服用高 DHA 金枪鱼油（800mg/天 DHA）或安慰剂胶囊。主要结局是通过 BOD POD 和 BIS 评估的 7 岁时体脂肪百分比。还记录了体重、身高、腰围/臀围和 BMI。
共有 252 名 DOMInO 儿童（n=135 名男性，n=117 名女性）完成了随访研究。BOD POD 评估的体脂肪百分比，DHA 组和安慰剂组之间没有差异[调整后的平均差异：-0.35，95%CI：-1.46，2.16；P=0.71]或 BIS[调整后的平均差异：0.64，95%CI：-0.99，2.27；P=0.44]。两组的 BMI z 评分也相似[调整后的平均差异：0.18，95%CI：-0.10，0.45；P=0.21]。在 7 岁时，DHA 组和安慰剂组之间的身高、体重或腰围和臀围也没有差异。
妊娠后半期补充 DHA 对 7 岁时儿童生长或脂肪量没有影响，支持 DOMInO 儿童在 3 岁和 5 岁时的随访结果。
