Sharip Zati, Hashim Norbaya, Suratman Saim
Lake Research Unit, Water Quality and Environment Research Centre, National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM), Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
Water Quality Laboratory, NAHRIM, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Oct 15;189(11):560. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6274-y.
This study investigates the presence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides in streams and the lake in the Sembrong Lake Basin in Malaysia. The catchment of Sembrong Lake has been converted to agricultural areas over the past 30 years, with oil palm plantations and modern agricultural farming being the main land use. Surface water samples were collected from eight sites comprising the stream and lake and analysed for 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). In situ measurement of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and conductivity were also undertaken at each site. Aldrin, endrin, δ-BHC, 4,4-DDT, methoxychlor and endosulfan were the main OCPs detected in the lake basin. The total OCP concentration ranged between 5.42 and 349.2 ng/L. The most frequently detected OCPs were δ-BHC, heptachlor and aldrin. The maximum values detected were 23.0, 43.2 and 50.4 ng/L respectively. The highest concentration of OCPs was attributed to 4,4-DDT, but such high residue was rare and only detected once. Other OCP residues were low. Significant differences in the mean values were observed between lake and stream for dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and α-endosulfan concentration (p < 0.05). The highest endosulfan, endrin and methoxychlor residues were found in lake sites, while the highest 4,4,-DDT residues were observed for the river sites. Temporal variation of OCP residues was observed for heptachlor and β-endosulfan. The highest concentrations of pesticide residues were found in October. DDX and α/ɣ ratios indicate possible fresh inputs of the OCP pesticide in the basin.
本研究调查了马来西亚森布隆湖流域溪流和湖泊中有机氯农药的存在情况及分布。在过去30年里，森布隆湖的集水区已转变为农业区，主要土地利用类型为油棕种植园和现代农业耕作。从包括溪流和湖泊的8个地点采集了地表水样本，并对19种有机氯农药（OCPs）进行了分析。每个地点还进行了温度、溶解氧、pH值和电导率的现场测量。艾氏剂、异狄氏剂、δ-六六六、4,4'-滴滴涕、甲氧滴滴涕和硫丹是在该湖流域检测到的主要有机氯农药。有机氯农药的总浓度在5.42至349.2纳克/升之间。最常检测到的有机氯农药是δ-六六六、七氯和艾氏剂。检测到的最大值分别为23.0、43.2和50.4纳克/升。有机氯农药的最高浓度归因于4,4'-滴滴涕，但如此高的残留量很少见，仅检测到一次。其他有机氯农药残留量较低。在二氯二苯二氯乙烯（DDE）和α-硫丹浓度方面，湖泊和溪流之间的平均值存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。硫丹、异狄氏剂和甲氧滴滴涕的最高残留量出现在湖泊地点，而河流地点观察到4,4'-滴滴涕的最高残留量。观察到七氯和β-硫丹的有机氯农药残留量存在时间变化。农药残留量最高出现在10月。DDX和α/γ比值表明该流域可能有有机氯农药的新输入。
