Larska Magdalena, Grochowska Maria, Lechowski Lech, Żmudziński Jan Franciszek
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Acta Parasitol. 2017 Dec 20;62(4):739-747. doi: 10.1515/ap-2017-0089.
The aim of the study was to estimate and compare the distribution of Culicoides biting midges species at farms with different main hosts - cattle and horse. Culicoides spp. are known vectors of arboviruses including African horse sickness virus (AHSV), bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). The latter two have been already reported in Polish ruminants recently, while AHSV remains absent, however the risk of its emergence has been increasing in the recent years. In order to establish the activity of potential AHSV vector at vicinity of horses, an OVI midge trap has been placed at the horse stables in the southeastern Poland. Another trap has been placed 7 km away at the cattle farm. The collections were carried over the midge activity season from April until November 2016. The midge abundances at both sites were comparable with the total numbers of insects trapped of 43,153 and 34,829 at the cattle and horse farm, respectively. Midges belonging to C. obsoletus/scoticus complex were the dominant ones at both locations. The other most abundant species were C. punctatus and C. pulicaris, while the other ten species identified (C. chiopterus, C. deltus, C. dewulfi, C. fagineus, C. impunctatus, C. newsteadi, C. nubeculosus, C. parroti, C. riethi, C. stigma) accounted for less than 0.5%. The study has shown that the Orbivirus vectors are present at a high abundance at the Polish horse farm, what may be a helpful tool in the AHS risk assessment in the nonendemic part of Europe.
本研究的目的是评估和比较不同主要宿主（牛和马）的农场中库蠓叮咬蠓种的分布情况。库蠓属是虫媒病毒的已知传播媒介，包括非洲马瘟病毒（AHSV）、蓝舌病病毒（BTV）和施马伦贝格病毒（SBV）。后两种病毒最近已在波兰反刍动物中被报道，而AHSV仍然不存在，然而近年来其出现的风险一直在增加。为了确定马附近潜在AHSV传播媒介的活动情况，在波兰东南部的马厩放置了一个OVI蠓诱捕器。另一个诱捕器放置在7公里外的奶牛场。采集工作在2016年4月至11月的蠓活动季节进行。两个地点的蠓丰度相当，奶牛场和马场诱捕到的昆虫总数分别为43153只和34829只。属于C. obsoletus/scoticus复合体的蠓在两个地点都是优势种。其他最丰富的物种是C. punctatus和C. pulicaris，而鉴定出的其他十个物种（C. chiopterus、C. deltus、C. dewulfi、C. fagineus、C. impunctatus、C. newsteadi、C. nubeculosus、C. parroti、C. riethi、C. stigma）占比不到0.5%。该研究表明，波兰马场存在大量环状病毒传播媒介，这可能是欧洲非流行地区AHS风险评估的有用工具。
