Greter Helena, Batil Annour A, Ngandolo Bongo N, Alfaroukh Idriss O, Moto Doumagoum D, Hattendorf Jan, Utzinger Jürg, Zinsstag Jakob
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, PO Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Jun 1;111(6):278-284. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trx051.
At Lake Chad in Central Africa, mobile pastoralists face economic losses due to livestock trematodiases. Fasciola gigantica and Schistosoma bovis-trematodes that affect livestock-share transmission ecology traits with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni that cause human schistosomiasis. This project aimed at assessing treatment strategies and elucidating the predictive potential of human and livestock trematode infections.
Schistosomiasis and fascioliasis were investigated concurrently in humans and cattle by repeated cross-sectional surveys. Urine and stool samples from humans and faecal samples from cattle were examined for trematode eggs. Treatment strategies were assessed by means of focus group discussions and in-depth interviews.
Mobile pastoralists of four ethnic groups participated. Prevalence of human schistosomiasis and livestock trematodiases showed considerable heterogeneity from one ethnic group to another, but correlated within ethnic groups. Effective trematocidal drugs were not available in the study area.
Mutual predictive potential of human schistosomiasis and livestock fascioliasis relates to distinct livestock husbandry practices. Introducing efficacious strategic treatment against human schistosomiasis and livestock fascioliasis might improve human and animal health and well-being. Our research provides evidence for the benefits of a One Health approach targeting diseases that share specific ecological traits.
在中非的乍得湖地区，流动牧民因家畜感染吸虫病而面临经济损失。巨片形吸虫和牛血吸虫这两种影响家畜的吸虫，与导致人类血吸虫病的埃及血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫具有共同的传播生态特征。该项目旨在评估治疗策略，并阐明人类和家畜吸虫感染的预测潜力。
通过反复的横断面调查，同时对人类和牛的血吸虫病及片形吸虫病进行调查。对人类的尿液和粪便样本以及牛的粪便样本进行吸虫卵检测。通过焦点小组讨论和深入访谈评估治疗策略。
四个族群的流动牧民参与了研究。人类血吸虫病和家畜吸虫病的患病率在不同族群之间存在显著差异，但在同一族群内部具有相关性。研究地区没有有效的杀吸虫药物。
人类血吸虫病和家畜片形吸虫病的相互预测潜力与不同的畜牧方式有关。引入针对人类血吸虫病和家畜片形吸虫病的有效战略治疗方法，可能会改善人类和动物的健康与福祉。我们的研究为采用“同一健康”方法应对具有特定生态特征的疾病所带来的益处提供了证据。
