a ReiThera , Rome , Italy.
b Nouscom , Rome , Italy.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017 Dec;16(12):1241-1252. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1394842. Epub 2017 Oct 30.
In recent years, replication-defective chimpanzee-derived adenoviruses have been extensively evaluated as genetic vaccines. These vectors share desirable properties with human adenoviruses like the broad tissue tropism and the ease of large-scale manufacturing. Additionally, chimpanzee adenoviruses have the advantage to overcome the negative impact of pre-existing anti-human adenovirus immunity. Areas covered: Here the authors review current pre-clinical research and clinical trials that utilize chimpanzee-derived adenoviral vectors as vaccines. A wealth of studies are ongoing to evaluate different vector backbones and administration routes with the aim of improving immune responses. The challenges associated with the identification of an optimal chimpanzee vector and immunization strategies for different immunological outcomes will be discussed. Expert commentary: The demonstration that chimpanzee adenoviruses can be safely used in humans has paved the way to the use of a whole new array of vectors of different serotypes. However, so far no predictive signature of vector immunity in humans has been identified. The high magnitude of T cell responses elicited by chimpanzee adenoviruses has allowed dissecting the qualitative aspects that may be important for protective immunity. Ultimately, only the results from the most clinically advanced products will help establish the efficacy of the vaccine vector platform in the field of disease prevention.
近年来，复制缺陷型黑猩猩衍生腺病毒已被广泛评估为基因疫苗。这些载体与人类腺病毒具有相似的理想特性，如广泛的组织嗜性和易于大规模生产。此外，黑猩猩腺病毒具有克服预先存在的抗人类腺病毒免疫的负面影响的优势。 涵盖领域：作者在这里回顾了利用黑猩猩衍生腺病毒载体作为疫苗的当前临床前研究和临床试验。正在进行大量研究以评估不同的载体骨架和给药途径，旨在提高免疫反应。将讨论与确定最佳黑猩猩载体和免疫策略相关的挑战，以实现不同免疫结果。 专家评论：证明黑猩猩腺病毒可以安全地用于人类为使用一系列不同血清型的全新载体铺平了道路。然而，迄今为止，尚未确定人类载体免疫的预测特征。黑猩猩腺病毒引起的 T 细胞反应幅度很大，这使得可以剖析对于保护性免疫可能很重要的定性方面。最终，只有最具临床先进产品的结果才能帮助确立疫苗载体平台在疾病预防领域的疗效。
