椭圆变形水滴形成的彩虹。II. 阵雨中高阶彩虹的超numeraries现象。注：“supernumeraries”这个词在光学领域可能有特定含义，但这里未明确完整准确的中文对应词，暂保留英文。

Rainbows by elliptically deformed drops. II. The appearance of supernumeraries of high-order rainbows in rain showers.

作者信息

Können Gunther P, Lock James A

出版信息

Appl Opt. 2017 Jul 1;56(19):G98-G103. doi: 10.1364/AO.56.000G98.

DOI:10.1364/AO.56.000G98

Abstract

The appearance of supernumeraries of high-order rainbows in heavy rain showers is explored for rainbows up to order five (p=6). This is done by using a combination of the ray-theory-based first-order Möbius approximation for high-order rainbows with the Airy approximation of the rainbow radiance distribution. We conclude that supernumerary formation of rainbows of order three, four, and five is possible in natural rain showers. Supernumeraries of the third-order and fourth-order rainbows are preferentially formed near the bottom of these rainbows. A strategy for observing supernumeraries of high-order rainbows is proposed.

摘要

本文探讨了在暴雨中高阶彩虹（高达五阶，p = 6）的超numeraries现象。这是通过将基于射线理论的高阶彩虹一阶莫比乌斯近似与彩虹辐射分布的艾里近似相结合来实现的。我们得出结论，在自然降雨中，三阶、四阶和五阶彩虹的超numeraries形成是可能的。三阶和四阶彩虹的超numeraries优先在这些彩虹的底部附近形成。本文还提出了一种观测高阶彩虹超numeraries的策略。（注：原文中“supernumeraries”可能是一个特定术语，这里直接保留英文未翻译，因为不太明确其准确的中文对应词，需结合具体专业领域知识进一步确定合适译名，若单纯按字面理解可译为“额外的、多余的部分”等，但放在这里不太能准确表达其在该语境下的意思）